According to post-non-classical psychology, the values of mass consciousness act as a guideline for the moral behavior of the individual. This is especially important for a specialist whose work depends on the formation of professional and ethical principles of their personality. Deontological principles develop during training. The substantial characteristics of one’s self-image also develop at university. They approach the values of mass consciousness, which are the universal regulator of any form of human activity. The research featured the development of students' value orientations and the methods aimed at educating future deontology specialist. Such methods are usually based on post-non-classical psychology. Currently, this is the most important scientific matter in educational psychology. The article focuses on the temporal characteristics of the development of value components of the self-image in students of the deontological profile. The authors identified the main value components that characterize the development of moral and ethical principles in students at all stages of training. The values proved to undergo several changes during the learning process. Utilitarian and hedonistic values were most pronounced in first-year students and maintained their first rank positions until graduation. According to M. S. Yanitskiy’s value types of personality, senior students demonstrated the intermediate type. The authors registered a certain discrepancy between students' ideas about professional values and the actual values they chose. This contradiction must be resolved during the training period.

Learned helplessness was discovered by American positivists in the 1970s. There are two approaches to learned helplessness: as a phenomenon (state) and as a process. Learned helplessness develops as a result of development deficiency or a severe impairment of one of the spheres of personality, e.g. emotions, motivation, will, or cognition. However, the ability to detect learned helplessness is not sufficient to provide timely and systemic psychological assistance. To determine the potential risk of development and aggravation of this state at different stages of ontogenetic development, i.e. as a process, is the main task of preventive diagnosis and systematic prevention of the state of learned helplessness. The research featured peculiarities of learned helplessness development at different stages of ontogenesis – from senior pre-school to adolescence. The research objective was to identify the markers of learned helplessness. Early detection made it possible to develop a special matrix of personality spheres vulnerability related to structural components of learned helplessness. The article illustrates the system of psychological assistance aimed at urgent (primary and secondary) prevention of the state of learned helplessness in children from senior pre-school age to adolescence.

The research featured the effect of collective and individual values of young people on their ideas about their motherland. The study was based on the following hypothesis: the ratio of collective and individual orientation is subject to fluctuations under the effect of socio-economic factors. They affect the specifics of young people's representations of Russia. The sample included students of Nizhny Novgorod aged 21–22. Of these, 120 participants (79 girls and 41 boys) were students in 2010 and 100 (62 girls and 38 boys) – in 2019. The research methods involved Schwartz’s values questionnaire and the method of free associations. The deterioration of the economic situation of most of the Russian society and the growth of foreign policy tensions proved to affect the values of young people. The students in the 2019 study had a more pronounced shift toward collective values than their peers in 2010. The lack of self-confidence suppressed the need for social recognition and increased the importance of reference groups. Students with a pronounced collective orientation had a focus on Russia's heroic past and traditions, as well as pessimistic and poorly formed views of the future. Students with an individual orientation demonstrated a greater optimism in their perception of the future of Russia, as well as a skeptical attitude to traditions and history. The study clarified the role of value orientation in shaping young people's representation of their country.

The research featured relationship between self-regulation and psychological competence of future specialists. The study involved an analysis of theoretical approaches to this problem in domestic and foreign psychology. Psychological competence presupposes developed psychological knowledge and communicative abilities and skills, as well as a stable system of self-regulation that allows for effective management of one's behavior during professional interaction. The author established the features of psychological and communicative competences in students, as well as such regulatory qualities as self-regulation, self-control, and self-efficacy. The research revealed statistically significant relationships between the level of development of psychological and communicative competences and the characteristics of regulatory qualities. A cluster analysis showed three groups of students with different levels of communicative competence and regulatory qualities. The regulatory and communicative components of psychological competence appeared closely interrelated. Self-regulation, self-control, self-efficacy, and communicative skills of future psychologists were the instrumental basis for the development of psychological competence. A well-developed self-regulation helped students understand and control their behavioral reactions. It enabled them to carry out conscious and focused interaction with people in problematic professional situations, as well as contributed to the development of psychological competence during vocational training.

This research is part of a large-scale project aimed at creating a factor model of creative leadership potential. The present article features the effect of major and gender of students on their creative leadership potential. The authors identified groups of variables that characterize creative leadership potential. The study was based on the holodynamic and trans-communicative paradigm. The following range of scientific methods made it possible to determine the characteristics of creative leadership potential: the method of modeling communicative worlds, the method of psychosemantic graph, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, sociability scale profile, and social network analysis. The study involved 189 students of humanities (101) and science (88). The results showed the specificity of personal creative characteristics and parameters of the communicative world of the participants. Gender proved insignificant for future research. Students that majored in humanities appeared both more original and more conformal. They tended to find unusual negative points in positive topics and problems. Science students worked better with specific information and facts. They were good at evaluating alternatives and planning.

This article is a review of empirical studies on the topic of psychological characteristics that contribute to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Such studies are fragmented and deal mostly with the following categories: mental states, patient’s mental processes, symptoms of mental disorders, behavioral strategies, social factors, etc. The research objective was to analyze the results of empirical studies on the myocardial patients' psychological characteristics. The authors identified difficulties and contradictions in the studies. Diagnostic capabilities of type A proved no longer relevant. An analysis of the contradictions in type D studies suggested that longitudinal studies based on a initially healthy people would prove most effective for further research, as well as detailed meta-analyzes of empirical publications. The role of hostility in the genesis of myocardial infarction proved understudied by domestic scientists. As for anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction, it received enough scientific attention; however, researches do not agree about role in the development of myocardial infarction. To reduce psychological risks during cardiovascular diseases, it is necessary to determine what conditions and factors accelerate or inhibit the onset of myocardial infarction when combined with personal anxiety. The authors propose to use the following samples: 1) patients with a risk of a heart attack; 2) patients after a heart attack; 3) patients past rehabilitation period. The findings indicate promising areas for future research for the prevention of myocardial infarction.

The present research featured the typological features of psycho-social, neurophysiological, and endocrine status of 214 schoolchildren of both sexes aged 14–16. The research objective was to identify the relationship between psychosocial and physiological adaptation of adolescents. Cardiorhythmography made it possible to divide the participants according to three types of vegetative regulation: sympathicotonia, vagotonia, and eutonia. The participants were tested for indicators of neurodynamics, emotional state, and socio-psychological adaptation, as well as for cortisol and testosterone content in saliva. Intersystem interrelations were evaluated by means of correlation analysis. The teenagers with predominating sympathetic influences appeared to possess the highest degree of conjugation of social-psychological and vegetative components of the functional system: as anxiety and manifestations of social-psychological misadaptation increased, so did the ergotropic impact on heart beat rate. The vagotonic teenagers demonstrated a much lower total number of correlations, with a distinct interrelation between the increasing anxiety level and the increasing parasympathetic impact. The teenagers with eutonia had a lower number of correlations between psychological, neurodynamic, and vegetative levels in comparison with other types. The analysis revealed the following adaptive strategies in adolescents. The trophotropic hyporeactive strategy was typical of male vagotonics with relatively high levels of steroid hormone secretion. The ergotropic hyperreactive strategy was popular in the sympathotonic group, especially boys with low levels of anabolic and catabolic steroids and girls with a relatively high content of testosterone. The adolescents with eutonia proved to have the balanced strategy. The data obtained can help to create pedagogical conditions for improving the adaptive capacity of schoolchildren, as well as for the development of individual style of activity and successful learning in teenagers.

The research featured the development of intellectual skills and voluntary sphere in the context of schoolreadiness in preschoolers at bilingual day care centers. The control group included Russian-speaking children from ordinary kindergartens. The authors believe bilingualism to be a means of cognitive and communicative development. Bilingual children require a special approach in school-readiness assessment. Two blocks of methods were used to measure the intellectual readiness and the development of voluntary sphere. The bilingual preschoolers demonstrated a higher level of voluntary attention in comparison with the control group. The bilingual children were much better at converting visual information than the children from the Russian-speaking group. The article also introduces some significant links between various aspects of preschoolers' mental development. The results of the diagnostic methods correlated with each other and made it possible to analyze the development of memory and voluntary attention in cognition tests.

Junior students have to adapt not only to the new educational environment, but also to the intercultural community of metropolitan universities. Russian students have problems both with categorization of members of other ethnic communities and their own self-categorization, i.e. the way they see a member of their own culture. The research objective was to determine the categorical structure of the image of a representative of their own culture in Russian students that studied in the city of Barnaul. The image depended on the predominating type of the respondents' own ethnic identity. The research methodology was based on the systematic approach to the personality analysis, J. Bruner's theory of perception, V. F. Petrenko's psychosemantic approach, and G. U. Soldatova's typology of ethnic identity. The authors employed the methods of an expert assessment, subjective scaling, and the questionnaire " Types of Ethnic Identity" by G. U. Soldatova and S. V. Ryzhova. They presented the categorical structure of the image of a member of the Russian ethnic group as factor models, or category structures, that described the representative of Russian nationality. Factor models were identified on the basis of the predominant type of ethnic identity of the respondents. Four factor models revealed that young people with a pronounced hyper-identity had a more positive view of the members of their ethnic group, focusing on their strength and strong-will. Students with average ethnic identity noted both advantages and disadvantages. Students with pronounced ethnic indifference tended to put more stress on the negative categories. Students with hypo-identity saw only negative traits in the members of their ethnic group. Therefore, behavioral patterns of interethnic interaction partially depended on the content of the categorical image structure of the representative of one's ethnic group. The authors propose several ways of developing a positive ethnic identity, which make it possible to shape an adequate attitude to representatives of one's own ethnicity and other ethnic groups.

The present research featured theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of aggression and aggressive behavior. The authors revealed a tendency to study aggressive forms of behavior from the standpoint of biological, sociocultural, and psychological factors, as well as mechanisms of formation, determinants of reward, and methods of diagnosis, control, and correction. The article focuses on the prospects of studying aggressive manifestations from the standpoint of analysis of personality formation and self-awareness. The structure of self-conception in aggressive individuals appeared to be deformed. Researchers explain the deformation by the gap between Me-real and Me-ideal, impaired behavioral regulation methods, and problems of self-conception. The authors also revealed the importance of factors that increase the level of aggressive behavior in adolescents, namely unfavorable styles of family relations, poor participation in the educational process, peer pressure, etc. Predisposition to aggressive behavior can be associated with a small repertoire of constructive coping strategies, poor cognitive abilities, and difficulties in controlling and regulating emotions. The empirical research featured the psychological characteristics of the aggressive behavior of juvenile offenders in the context of character accentuations and personal selfconception. The authors studied the differences between the aggressive behavior of juvenile delinquents and the control group. The analysis detected connection between character accentuations and forms of aggressive behavior. The article illustrates the kinds of self-esteem and self-conception typical of adolescents with delinquent behavior experience.

The present research featured the definition of grammatical gender category as it was coined by Fernão’s de Oliveira (1507–1581), a prominent Portuguese linguist that wrote the first Grammar of the Portuguese Language (1536), where he outlaid the main principles of gender classification. The research was based on F. de Oliveira’s works, namely The Grammar of the Portuguese Language, The Art of Sea Warfare, The Voyage of Fernão de Magalhães, and The Book of Shipbuilding. The linguistic data were selected from the above-mentioned works based on linguistic criteria by the method of continuous sampling. The article also describes various gender definition methods, e.g. morphonology, morphology, anaphora, syntax, secondary morphologization, words of one flexion, and vocalic inflexion (alternation of open and closed, pure and nasal vowels). The analysis of Oliveira’s speculations on grammatical gender revealed that the Portuguese grammarian failed to cover the issues of Singularia / Pluralia tantum, grammatical doublets, toponyms, epicenes, possessive pronouns, and participles.

The research featured legal terms formed according to the semantic method, e.g. semantic generalization, expansion / narrowing of meaning, institutional specification, metonymic or metaphorical transfer, their correlation, etc. The author highlighted the interconnection of semantic term formation and polysemy. The article contains a list of factors that cause ambiguity of legal concepts: (a) the author of the legislative text and the recipient; (b) the open nature of the legal terminological system, as well as the reproduction of multivalued lexemes in the laws and their reinterpretation; (c) the development of various variants of legislative definitions, etc. The paper focuses on semantic generalization and institutional specification of legal concepts. The author describes the interconnection of denotative-predicative and logical-conceptual approaches, as well as the mechanism of generalization and abstraction of lexical meaning. The differences of metonymic and metaphorical transfers were interpreted in terms of contrasting functions, models of education, and connotation potential. The research revealed a high productivity of metonymic transfer and legal concepts based on a combination of different types of semantic terminology. The study featured the texts of Russian Federal and regional laws. The author applied various approaches, e.g. discursive, contextual, intertextual, component, denotative-predicative, logical-conceptual, interpretative, comparative, etc. The results, conclusions, and illustrative material presented in this work may be of some interest to scientists and practitioners who study legal terminology, legal texts, and issues of the Russian language as a state language.

In modern sociolinguistics the term "italiano neostandard" ("Neo-standard Italian") has been in use for a few decades already. However, in Russian linguistic terminology it still lacks a well-established translation equivalent. The research objective was to prove that it has deeply-rooted theoretical premises. Until the second part of the XX century, literary Italian (italiano standard) was mainly used in writing by intellectual élite, and for centuries (since XVI c.) its codified norm altered little – if at all – and was only apt for high-flown language (that is what the term "Standard Italian" refers to). In modern Italy, literary language has a wide range of functions and uses, and its variation patterns have considerably changed. The new language norm typical of Neo-standard Italian is much more versatile: it takes into account stylistic, regional, and social parameters of language variation. With all that in mind, the concept of Neo-standard Italian still remains ambiguous in the sense that its relationship with Standard Italian can be seen both as one ousting the other and as their coexistence. The problem of finding a suitable translation equivalent for the term "Neo-standard Italian", thus, reflects the dubious character of the concept itself.

The present study focused on the main changes in the use of the instrumental case that occurred in the Russian language in XI–XXI centuries and the factors that caused these changes. The study was conducted within the cognitivelinguistic framework or, more precisely, the theory of conceptual metaphor, according to which one conceptual domain is conceptualised and expressed in terms of another, more specific, domain. The data were collected from the Main Corpus of the National Russian Corpus, which contains sources of written language, mainly from original prose from XVIII century to the present-day Russian, as well as from the Old and Middle Russian sections of the Historical Subcorpora of the National Russian Corpus. The use of the instrumental case appeared to have been affected by the decreasing role of cases and the increasing role of prepositions in the Russian language, the transformation in the semantics of words used in constructions with the instrumental case, the impact of the syntactic patterns of synonyms and near-synonyms, and the influence of the syntactic patterns of borrowed words. The study also demonstrated the role of conceptual metaphors in the development of the instrumental meaning of the Russian instrumental case, as well as the development of the instrumental meaning of the synonymous syntactic structures. The instrumental meaning of the Russian instrumental case developed on the basis of the path metaphor. The instrument-as-a-path metaphor is very productive in the Russian language, which explains why other prepositional phrases, e.g. cherez+accusative or po+dative, developed instrumental meanings and took over some of the uses of the instrumental case.

This article presents a historical and etymological analysis of the motivating signs of the concept of "muzh" (husband) in the Russian language. Primary signs of the concept make up the internal form of a word and serves as the basis for new cognitive signs. Actual motivating signs appear first as conceptual ones and later as functional, evaluative, symbolic, and figurative. The primary motivating sign is "man": it is the oldest one and goes back to the pre-Indo-European language. The analysis of etymological dictionaries revealed 42 motivating signs. The article provides examples of the representation of this concept in the literature, including the modern one. Etymological and historical-etymological dictionaries revealed the following motivating signs of the concept of "muzh" (husband): a man; a male spouse; an adult man; a man that understands; a scientist; an ancestor; an Amazon female warrior; an age; people; community member; a serious man; a citizen; a brave man; a strong man; a fighter, a warrior; an ordinary man; a hero; a male celebrity; a respected, venerable man; a public figure; a witness; a free man; a peasant, a farmer; a feudal-dependent peasant; a peasant (low status in legal relations); to man oneself; a person with unnaturally large manhood; a male specimen; an attendant of a tsar, king, or prince, a noble man; a servant of a prince, a warrior in the prince’s squad; a divine husband; a man of desire; a blood man, a murderer; big men (a privileged part of the free population in Ancient Russia); young men (a less privileged part of the free population in Ancient Russia); nobleman (a great man); a member of household; a servant; a hand (worker); a slave; someone who is ready. Such a long list of motivating signs confirms the ancient history of the concept and its socio-cultural significance in the Russian linguistic worldview.

The article reveals the role of a foreign language / languages in the context of linguistic globalization and multiculturalism. The research featured the current attitude of German society to foreign languages and cultures. The authors believe that there is no contradiction between the modern multilingualism requirements and the promotion of German in the European community as a wholesome and stable language. As borders between languages become transparent, the development of linguistic consciousness acquires a special role. The research objective was to identify the motives behind borrowing that result from the needs of modern European community. The authors also explained the cases of incomplete or impossible assimilation of borrowings in German. They revealed some characteristics of English borrowings in German. For instance, hyphenation refers to the spelling of nouns borrowed from English. English verbs acquire German forms of weak verbs and their conjugation endings. Most borrowed nouns proved to have an unstable grammatical gender, while some of them are likened to German nouns and receive inflections. The syntagmatics of English adjectives is determined by English phonetics. The authors believe that the study of linguistic globalization will be useful to those interested in the development of European languages.

The research featured somatic conceptual metaphors in Russian and English linguistic cultures. The article focuses on the macroconcepts of zemlya and earth / land in fiction represented in the National Russian Language Corpus and the Guttenberg Library. The research revealed a great number of somatic metaphors of the earth in these linguistic cultures. The research objective was to observe the facts of Russian and English linguistic cultures in the somatic code description from the perspective of macroconcepts zemlya and earth / land. Somatisms proved to be expressed via traditional oppositions determined by Russian and English cultures: right side / left side; internal / external; male / female; singularity / multiplicity, etc. However, the somatic code appeared to manifest itself not only in the dichotomy, but also in the trichotomy, e.g. front / side / rear; top / middle / bottom; center / binders / periphery. Both linguistic cultures give the earth animate and spiritual traits. The Russian macroconcept zemlya was represented by the following somatic signs: side, eyes, chest, intestine, bone, blood, palms, face, bosom, floor, navel, mouth, hands, heart, back, body, spine / backbone, and belly / womb. The English macroconcept earth / land was represented by such somatic signs as side, chest, gut, blood, face, bosom, floor, navel, mouth, hands, saddle, heart, waist, body, spine / backbone, and belly / womb.

The present research featured German texts of mining equipment advertising, namely phrases with suggestive pragmasemantic potential. The research objective was to reveal the semantic characteristics of these language units. The article classifies and describes various pragmasemantic types of suggestive phrases using methods of componential, morphological, and syntactic analyses. The function of suggestion in mining equipment advertising proved to be of specific nature, as it has to oppose the conscious desire of a technical specialist to purchase effective and profitable equipment. The suggestion function in these texts belonged to words and phrases that created a positive image of the advertising object and suggestively described its usefulness to the consumer. A significant proportion of phrases contained the seme "safety", which could be explained by the following pragmatic presupposition: mining is highly dangerous; therefore, equipment should help to increase production safety. Such ergonomic characteristics of mining equipment as "controllability", "manufacturability", and "masterability" also depended on industrial safety. Most suggestive phrases appeared to have an adjective nuclear component, because German primarily uses adjectives to describe quality.

The article focuses on the cognitive function of metaphor in professional discourse, which is a professional terminology system and a linguistic manifestation of a professional world view. The article demonstrates evolution of different approaches to the phenomenon of metaphor in scientific discourse and professional terminological systems. Convergence of research directions and methods, as well as integration and interpenetration of approaches to the object under study, made it possible to build the framework of the conceptual logic of mental knowledge structures objectified in systems of terminological units. A conceptual analysis of metaphorical terminological derivates enriched with semantic analysis of term definition components provided the empirical evidence that anthropocentric principle is the basic trend in the process of metaphor forming in the professional discourse of petroleum refining. The author sees metaphor as a cognitive mechanism that associates new unknown concepts with familiar phenomena from everyday human life. The dominant conceptual metaphors develop on the principle of anthropocentrism by combining the source-domain, including a system of deep ontological knowledge about a person and a target-domain representing special concepts of professional discourse. The cognitive potential of metaphorical models is described on the basis of the metaphorical derivation of the professional oil refining terminology system. In addition to their nominative function, metaphorically formed terminological units perform explanatory function by visualizing the processes of petroleum refining to provide an opportunity to understand complex structural organization of professional discourse.

The article describes the most inconsistent and contradictory modal categories of obligation and necessity presented in linguistics. Many scientific papers have been devoted to the study of modality in general and its particular varieties. Interest in its research is caused by the increased attention to the role of language as a means of communication and individualization of the human thought and speech process. The relevance of the problem is also in line with the general trend of improving, ordering, and systematizing the conceptual and terminological apparatus of linguistics. Subjective modality has a multiple semantics, various means of expression, and a number of possible relationships between form and content in the process of speech functioning. These characteristics result in contradictory and confusing interpretations of these categories in science. The research objective was to determine the content basis of these modalities and show how they are interdependent. The study was based on the methods of analysis, comparison, and generalization. The article focuses on the relationship between obligation and necessity in the general field of modality, as well as on their linguistic nature. The types of unreal modality proved to be different varieties of modality with a common area of semantics and use. The author generalized an extensive theoretical material on the categories of obligation and necessity, identified their meanings, and provided a basis for further research. The results of the analysis can also be used in courses of theoretical and applied philology.

Until recently, there has been very little information about the life of Anna Pavlovna Chetverikova, who died in 1940 in the Arlyuk branch of the Siblag. She was glorified by the Russian Orthodox Church in the Council of New Martyrs and Confessors of the Russian Church. All facts were obtained from the archival case file (1937) stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation (File code: Found 10035. List 1. File P-17284) and the documents about the date of her death. The present article introduces the case materials and some other documents related to A. P. Chetverikova’s life. The author performed a thorough description of her biography and proved that A. P. Chetverikova was as a long-term parishioner of the Vysoko-Petrovsky Monastery. The research also touched upon some prominent figures of the Russian Orthodox Church in the first half of the XX century, e.g. Archbishop Varfolomey (Remov) and Bishop Pankratiy (Gladkov). Whether Anna Chetverikova took the vow or not, still remains an open question. The research is relevant for the dioceses of Moscow and Kemerovo, since it makes it possible to add one more name to the Synaxis of the New Martyrs of the Vysoko-Petrovsky Monastery in Moscow and the New Martyrs and Confessors of the Land of Kuznetsk.

The research featured a historical and legal analysis of functions attributed to bailiffs of forts and settlements inhabited by free peasants in the XVIII-century Western Siberia. The objective was to develop a deeper understanding of the essence of law enforcement process at a local level in the early Imperial Russia. The author relied on management documents and case records from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Bailiffs appeared to have no clearly stated police functions in the related regulatory acts. The author describes their responsibilities in law enforcement, rights protection, crime documentation, surveillance, detention, interrogation, search, and escorting. The article also focuses on the three types of popular crimes in the local administrative practices. The content and peculiarities of most law enforcement procedures depended on the general tendencies in the regional and state-level administrations. By the middle of the XVIII century, bailiffs had lost most of their police powers, which were resumed by the military officers of the local regular forces.

Preservation of archaeological heritage objects (AHO) in Kuzbass is one of the tasks on the formation of a fund of objects of historical and cultural heritage of the Russian Federation. The paper characterizes the key challenges to AHO preservation, one of which is the so-called amateur "archaeological treasure hunting", and offers possible solutions. The research was based on law and media analysis. The contemporary legal framework of the Russian Federation provides the necessary conditions for AHO preservation. For instance, it regulates the procedure for search and extraction of artifacts from archeological sites. Amateur "archaeological treasure hunting" is illegal but extremely popular. The situation in Kuzbass stays within the national trends. However, the authors managed to define some regional specifics. First, the local treasure hunters demonstrate a high level of social publicity in their attempt to legalize their activities. Second, they focus mostly on Modern Age artifacts. The authors claim the urgency of the problem and propose a number of solutions, e.g. media marginalization of the " black archaeology", a targeted public protection of Modern Age archaeological sites, prompt interception of illegal "treasure hunting", etc.

Тhe research featured the advertising discourse of Soviet newspapers published in the second half of the 1940s. The analysis included central press and six local newspapers from various regions of the RSFSR. The research objective was to reconstruct the standards of consumer behavior and reveal the regional peculiarities of advertising discourse. The research owes its novelty to the fact that it took into account the territorial features of the newspaper advertising discourse: North-Western regions, the Urals, Siberia, and the Far East. The author also revealed the quantitative dynamics of advertising stories within the period in question. The newspaper advertising discourse proved to reflect the realities of the post-war socio-economic development of the country. In the first post-war years, the range of advertised goods and services was quite narrow, but it gradually expanded in 1948–1949. The Ural-Siberian region demonstrated a greater number of advertisements, as well as a wider range of products and services offered. In the Urals and Siberia, the level of infrastructure development was higher, including trade, catering, and services. In addition, the area was mostly urban, and city dwellers had greater purchasing opportunities.

The present research featured the content, specific features, and potential of military diaries as a historical source in the anthropology of the Great Patriotic War. The study was based on the views of the leading Soviet and modern specialists in the field of source studies and historical methodology. The author defined three approaches to the place of diaries in the classification of historical sources: 1) diaries as ego-documents, 2) military diaries as memoirs, 3) diaries as a separate group of personal documents. The research objective was to determine the potential of military diaries as a source for anthropological studies of the Great Patriotic War. The method of content analysis revealed the most important aspects for the dairy writers in extreme military environment. The biographical method based on the diary analysis made it possible to describe the image of homo militaris during the Great Patriotic War. Military diaries demonstrated a great potential for studies of war routine, healthcare, psychology, and enemy perception through the eyes of an ordinary military participant, the psychology of warring man, the perception of an enemy during World War I.

The research featured the repressions of the 1930s, or the Great Purge. The article focuses on the case of the town of Leninsk-Kuznetskiy. The study was based on materials obtained from the press of that time (newspapers "Leninskiy Shakhter" and "Sovetskaia Sibir"), the State archive of the Kemerovo region, and scientific publications. The author highlighted the so-called Children’s Case and the trial of NKVD officers. Both events occurred in 1939 and marked the end of the Great Terror of 1937–1938. The repressions that took place in Leninsk-Kuznetskiy proved more severe than in the rest of Kuzbass. The author proposes several reasons for that fact. First of all, the town failed to meet the goals of industrial development during the first five-year plans, and the plans for coal mining industry were impossible. Second, the town owed its rapid increase in population to the categories that later would be called "enemies of the people". Third, the local NKVD desperately wanted to become the best in the West Siberia. The fact that the purges received abundant media coverage disproves the popular opinion that average public did not know about the repressions. The author developed an approach to newspapers as a historical source on the history of the Great Purge. If one factors in the specifics of this source, archival newspapers can be a reliable source about the Great Terror and the mechanisms of public opinion formation. However, newspapers alone cannot restore the full picture of local repressions, which requires a wide range of sources.

The research featured the biography of Yakov Alperovich, a prominent figure of the Siberian Soviet establishment in the 1920s–1930s. Starting at the social bottom, his career path was a typical example of the dramatic fate that befell most Stalinist officials. The article describes the main steps of his career ladder on the way to political power during the purges of 1937–1938, as well as the changes in the Stalinist politics in the 1930s, which were the ruin of the internal party relations. The author assessed the socio-political atmosphere in the administrative establishment. The study focused on the role of denunciations as a tool against the so-called hostile elements. The dramatic end of Yakov Alperovich, a district committee secretary and an editor, reflects the general tragedy of the Soviet Communists that fell victims to the Stalin's repressions. The article introduces new historical facts and expands the knowledge about Siberia in the Stalin era.

The author analyzed the causes and consequences of prison escapes in Western Siberia in 1930–1945, which were a serious problem for the entire Soviet correctional labor system. The reasons behind frequent prison escapes can be summarized as follows: substandard living conditions, a complex production schedule, violent inmates, severe punitive measures for minor crimes, and relatively lenient punishment for escapes. The situation was aggravated by the negligent attitude to the service among wardens, their non-compliance with official discipline and job descriptions, as well as by ineffective use of the agent network. The escapes grew even more frequent in the late 1930s because the number of convicts increased during the Great Terror. The opposite pattern prevailed during World War II due to the general reduction of prison population during the occupation of the European Russia and the fact that some categories of convicts were allowed to enlist in the army. The fugitives posed a real threat to local residents. Once they were free, they committed murders, robberies, and rapes, which significantly worsened the difficult criminal situation in the West Siberian region. The NKVD employees of the Joint State Political Directorate of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR prevented escapes and detained the prisoners. The research objective was to establish the causes, consequences, and various forms of prison escapes in Western Siberia in 1930–1945.

The article deals with the social and political situation in the Kasminsk, Tarsminsk, Titovsk, and Morozovsk volosts (districts) of the Kuznetsk uyezd (area), Tomsk Province, in 1917–1919. The territories in question were inhabited by long-time Russian residents. The Revolution affected the largest settlements. Titovsk area was included in the system of Kuznetsk area people's assembly, while Kasminsk district was under the supervision of the so-called zemstvo from the very beginning. Soldiers from reserve regiments of Tomsk and Novonikolaevsk were sent to field work and had a destructive impact on the local life. Anarchists (G. F. Rogov, I. P. Novoselov, P. K. Lubkov, I. M. Drozhzhin, etc.) and their military units played a significant role in the partisan and rebel movement. V. P. Shevelyov-Lubkov (1892–1939) became the most famous Red leader in the territory. He was an old settler from the village of Shipitsina in the Titovsk district and a decorated army veteran. The Whites were defeated in the late 1919, which brought no relief as anarchist squads maintained their attacks on the Soviet troops. In 1921, peasants in the village of Bryukhanovo rebelled. The last pockets of resistance were eliminated as late as in 1922.

The research featured the issue of intercultural communication in the aspect of cultural and anthropological approach. The article introduces the case of the Russian Orthodox Church as it incorporated one of the remote outskirts of the Empire the Yakut region in Russia. The research was an attempt to understand the problems of intercultural communication during the intercivilizational interaction between the Orthodox (Christian) civilization and the local Arctic civilization of the peoples of North-East Asia. The author explained the permanent process of Christianization in Yakutia, as well as described the role of missionary work as a method of developing new territories and the specifics of parish activity. The relations with the nonOrthodox population improved when the state law replaced the traditional Patriarchal foundations, and representatives of non-Slavic elites entered the structure. The Orthodox Church conducted various social and educational activities, since it took secular social and educational state institutions a long time to reach this remote region. In the XVII–XIX centuries, the activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in Yakutia contributed to the intercultural communications with this marginal territory and ensured the involvement of the Yakut ethnic group in the Russian state space.