The paper introduces and substantiates the innovative technology of complex processing of raw tomatoes with the use of physical, physic-chemical and biochemical methods of treating raw tomatoes, semi-finished products, and finished  production;  the  methods  being  the electromagnetic  field  of  low  and  super-high  frequencies,  ultrasound, СO2-extraction.

The paper presents the basic and modern wide-scale archaeology studies in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The poor degree of studying the 16th-19th centuries’ period sets the problem of ethnoarchaeological research in South Urals' historic towns. The positive research experience of the late Middle Ages in other regions and scientific centers of the Russian Federation is a good example of interdisciplinary integration which can be used for objective history reconstruction of the region. Such research is very complicated in historical towns of the 16th -19th centuries because they are located near modern inhabited areas and could have been destroyed by the construction works or economic activities in the late Middle Ages historical cultural layer zones.

The paper focuses on the Russian court in the middle 18th century. The paper analyses the “behind-the-scenes” activities of Peter III’s favourite Elizaveta Vorontsova against Ekaterina in the struggle for the throne.

The paper addresses the problem of the Soviet state’s national policy approaches in the 1920s and the conflict with the hard-centralization Kazakh party members standing on the positions of "national communism" and the national intelligentsia. This conflict manifested itself in the most open manner in relation to the issue of keeping ethnic preferences in land management, in an effort to maintain the ban on migration of peasants from outside the Kazakh ASSR.

Traditional Bashkir costume has so far been researched by representatives of various fields of science: history, philosophy, art history, technology. Meanwhile, scientific achievements in this sphere require comprehensive interpretation and elaboration of the unified picture of the Bashkir folk costume formation, taking into account the newly discovered and well-known facts. The uniqueness of the Bashkir costume lies in its diversity; thus, in the middle of 20th century ethnographers distinguished seven costume complexes, varying in their structure, appearance, silhouette and decorative components, two of the complexes being characterized by major differences – South-Eastern and North-Western ones. Such great differences are based on historical processes which took place in the territory of the Southern Urals in ancient time and the Middle Ages – the time when the Bashkir ethnos originated. Both complexes developed in different ethnic, economic, natural and climatic environment. Thus, Bashkir material culture formed costumes having certain elements close to culture of sedentary or nomadic tribes, costumes, demonstrating elements akin to cultures of FinnoUgric peoples or peoples of Siberian taiga. The paper represents a brief review of the main stages of land settlement in the Southern Urals, which determined the ethnic and cultural image of Bashkir material culture.

The paper deals with the original horned elks in the Tom petroglyphs. The semantic plan of drawings of elks with thirteen horn branches is reconstructed.

The paper is devoted to the history of the old memorial Kazakh Cemetery in Omsk. The aim of the paper is to characterize the contradictions between Russian necro-culture traditions and the Soviet Memory policy with the example of the Kazakh Chemistry in Omsk between the late 1919 – early 1941. The author describes the appearance of cemetary, briefly characterizes the social composition of the people buried in the cemetery, lists the graves of the most interesting people. The author highlights the signs of pre-revolutionary traditions preserved in the cemeteries’ layout and the Soviet innovations. The paper also characterizes the attitude of the local Soviet authorities, the press and the residents of the city to the problems of the cemetery's destruction in the 1920s – 1930. In methodological terms, this work reflects a new experience in the studies of Siberia – the combination anthropology-oriented approach to the study of the society’s historical memory, known as the «memory studies» and the methods of traditional necropolistics. The author concludes that after the revolution the Kazakh Cemetery kept the signs of pre-revolutionary necroculture for many years. However, in the early 1920s, under the influence of the Soviet Memory policy, the memorial aesthetics and the attitude of citizens to historical necropolis changed. Despite the local intelligentsia’s efforts to keep the Kazakh Chemistry, this memorial place had been heavily damaged by the early 1940s., avoiding, however, the almost complete destruction of what was happening in other cities of Western Siberia.

The paper considers the boundary value problem which describes steady motion of a binary mixture of viscous compressible heat-conductive fluids in a bounded domain. No simplifying assumptions we imposed except the postulation of coincidence of phase temperatures (which is justified in definite physical situations), i. e. the authors preserved all the terms in the equations which are a general expansion of Navier-Stokes-Fourier model describing motion of a one-constituent medium. The existence of weak solutions to the problem is proved.

The paper presents an approach to solving the task of calculating the value of some function in a set point basing on its values set on some fixed system of points. The approach is based on the use of interpolation functions of Sibson’s and Laplace’s shape-functions. The properties of both functions are considered, the interpolation accuracy is defined by solving a Poisson equation with the method of trial functions.

The paper aims at characterizing the humic acids (HA) of representative peats, selected by V. N. Efimova and M. G. Vasilkova’s method. The botanical composition of the Tomsk region peats is given. On the basis of elemental analysis, 13C-NMR, EPR and infra-red spectroscopy of HA the features of their structures are revealed. As a result, the possibilities of their use are evaluated.

Theoretical bases for soil-ecological and functional zoning of urban areas are provided based on the studies of the biological activity of soils in the urban landscape (Kemerovo city territory). The results of geochemical analysis of soil samples are analyzed. The possibility of using calculations of dose-effect dependencies for the implementation of soilecological zoning of the urban territory is considered. “Dose” was measured by indicators of heavy metal concentration in the soil (Cu, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn, Cd, Pb) , “effect” was measured by the data obtained in the preliminary study of soil samples for the activity of enzymes (catalase, urease, dehydrogenase, invertase), and cellulose breaking activity of soils and humus content. The studied plots were divided in soil-ecological zones by the method of agglomerative clustering. A linguistic dictionary for naming the acquired terms was compiled,  a brief description of selected soilecological zones is presented.

The paper presents the optional models (successive, parallel and integrated) of familiarizing 2 – 7-year-old children with ornamental art of the Russian and other peoples, composing the ethnic and cultural uniqueness of the region. The models were developed basing on the regionalization of ethnoart education. The paper shows the system of working with children, which is a unity of the interrelated steps: emotional and cognitive; ornamental and figurative; ornamental and creative; artistic and gaming, and folklore and festive. The paper discusses the formation of the geometrized ornamental image in the graphic activities of 5 – 7-year-old children. It highlights the directions for synthesis of the arts as a tool of the development of the ornamental art of 5 – 7-year-old children: integration of the art and the folk geometrized ornament, interaction of literary and ornamental geometrized images; interconnection of verbal, musical and artistic folklore. The paper presents the concept of “the geometrized ornamental image in the graphic activities of 5 – 7-year-old children” as the feasible transmission of the model of the people's attitude towards the world and the express the feelings and the personal attitude to the experience of this vision by the expressive graphic means which corresponds to this type of the art.

The paper is the third part of the author’s publications cycle devoted to professional stability of future teachers. The paper deals with the analysis of one of the approaches to professional consistency of a teacher and its constituent elements (such as motivational, emotional, cognitive, professional-pedagogical and others).
The paper touches upon the analysis of the reason for mixing the concepts ‘stability’ and ‘consistency’ in the scientific literature and their synonymous use; the concept ‘stability’ is studied in the field of the sciences that do not identify‘stability’ as ‘consistency’, but use them independently of each other (particularly, sociology, ecology).

The paper deals with the problem of environmental training of technical universities’ students from the position of competence-based approach and provides a method for triggering the mechanism for increasing the level of environmental training, through the implementation of the developed pedagogical tools in the educational process. Tools components are described.

The paper considers the professional competences of the students of «Pedagogical education» & «Oriental and African studies» linguistic departments as the result of education in the framework of the competence approach in education at the University. The lack of certain types of competencies in the normative documents that should be formed in educational process had become the reason of our research – to select and to describe professional competences of the students for whom studying foreign languages is the basis of professional activity. As a result of our research we have identified teaching and research, pedagogical, intercultural and foreign language professional competences, each of which is formed in the educational process at the University, is the basis of professional language training and has its substantive content, the specifics of which are defined by the peculiarities of learning a foreign language as the main one. The use of certain items of professional competences in the learning process allows lecturers and graduates studying a foreign language at a professional level to clearly understand the learning outcomes at the University.

The paper aims at considering the stereotypes of masculinity in Adyg ethnopedagogics. The dominant ethnogender model of masculinity manifested itself in developing personal qualities and behaviour features. Transformation in the ethnopedogogical model of masculinity is limited by the scope of sexual dimorphism.

The paper deals with critical thinking development through reading authentic news articles in English classes. Teachers all over the world are trying to incorporate critical thinking skills into the learning process so as to raise their students as independent critical thinkers. The paper is firstly aimed at presenting a generalized theoretical view of the problem in consideration: background information, some approaches to defining critical thinking, principles of developing this human ability in English classes, etc. Secondly, there are several methodological guidelines for organizing various types of practical activities.

The paper presents the results of the empirical research of the personal potential required for paralympic athletes’ life quality provision. It confirms the fact that the people with limited physical abilities involved into sport of high records possess a high level of life durability mediating the impact of various favorable and adverse circumstances upon their consciousness and conduct, stipulating highly subjective quality of life.

The paper presents the results of correlation and multiple regression analysis of hardiness and psychological defences of neurotic disorder patients and mentally healthy people. Hardiness is understood as a personality structure which takes part in self-regulation and self-determination. Psychological defence and hardiness are considered structures which ensure opposite and complementary processes of people’s confrontation with the anxiety inherent in dimensions of human existence. High level of hardiness is coupled with low tension of most psychological defences. Personality hardiness is reinforced by such defence mechanisms as “denial” in mentally healthy people and “denial” with “rationalization” in neurotic people. The total effect of “rationalization” and “denial” mechanisms for personal hardiness in the group with neurotic disorders equals to the effect of “denial” in the reference group. With neurotic disorders, a personality cannot quickly assess a problem as subjectively less dangerous and thus reduce anxiety associated with it. Additional anxiety is reduced by enhanced reasoning of a problem as an easily controlled one. Personal hardiness of neurotic patients is reduced with the help of an intensive complex including immature psychological defence mechanisms. Hardiness is weakened owing to disorders of dynamics of a child’s relations with the phenomena of the outside world.

The paper presents the results of researching the psychological features of employees providing state protection (PSP). It is established that PSP employees have an appreciation of health, activity and mood. 57 % of the employees are ambroverts, while 43 % are extroverts and none are introverts. Over 70 % of PSP employees are sanguine people. Moderate indicators of situational and personal uneasiness characterize the employees’ reliability in the course of activity in extreme conditions. Low values of neyrotizm the characterize employees as emotionally stable, possessing tranquillity, balanced, sure and resolute.

The paper considers the results on flexural deformation detected by the authors in whiskers of lead azides and potassium nitrate when exposed to light, electric field and temperature. The discussion of findings is carried out from the perspective of ferroelectric (domain) properties of the objects investigated. Spontaneous polarization emerge in the whiskers, resulting in flexural deformation due to the piezoelectric effect,  changes in internal electric fields and affecting  the explosive sensitivity of lead azides and the mechanism of decomposition.

Structural model of thermal conductivity of unidirectionally reinforced layer is under consideration. The assumption that temperatures are equal within represented element of reinforced layer is addressed in the present research. In order to answer that question the heat equation with discontinuous coefficients on the phase boundary is solved. On phase boundaries perfect thermal contact conditions are set. Then differential problem is approximated by difference scheme. Effective difference schemes have been used. To get numerical approximation on real-life data fiberglass reinforced thermoplastics are under consideration. Numerical results show that temperature in composition phases equals quite fast (about 10-3 seconds), which is significantly less than the typical time of service of constructions made of composite materials. This allows assume that temperatures are equal within the represented element of reinforced layer.

The paper studies the dialect material of the Khanty language: the semantic structure of the verbs of vertical movement, namely the verbs of motion with the meaning «to fall». Each particular meaning of a polysemantic verb is connected to the other meanings with the same seme, and at the same time differs by semantic structure and the components constituting its meaning.

The paper describes the semantic content of sound names in modern English. The list of sound names includes oneword lexemes and phrasemes. The respective terms suggested by the author are phononyms and phonophrasemes. The whole word-stock representing the sound universe makes up the world sound image (WSI). Nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs participate in the process of WSI formation. According to our way of thinking, phononyms are to be studied within the special subject of‘phononymy’ that must be part and parcel of lexicology.
Besides, the paper investigates the linguistic particulars of sound genesis because it (sound production) actually offers a special mode of sound naming. The other mode of sound naming is offered by the notions of sound perception. To meet the needs of description, the author has introduced a number of new terms such as ‘phononym’, ‘phononymy’, ‘acoustive’, ‘actor’, ‘reactor’, etc.

Prompt development of information technologies forces experts in the field of mass media regularly to analyze the state of the Russian teleproduction. The paper is devoted to research of domestic telecasting stages for the purpose of carrying out analogy in approaches to production of modern television news formats.

The paper deals with the problem of iconicity in a poetic text. On the example of lingvopoetic analysis of poems by H. M. Enzensberger, G. Falkner and B. Tyumler written in free rhythms, the expansion of functional potential in the contemporary  German-language  poetry  of  such  traditional  rhythmic  and  syntactic  figure  as  enjambements  is demostrated. As evidenced by the results of the research, enjambements in modern free rhythms are endowed with the ability to label graphically the spatial semantics of locative verbs, and thus become an iconic sign, not only illustrating the relationship between form and content of a poetic expression, but also emphasizing the vertical dimension of the text and indicating its verse nature.

The paper touches upon such a complex phenomenon as foreign word translation by means of another language. It deals with the questions of intermediary Vietnamese loan-words translation into Russian. The paper describes several ways (with advantages and disadvantages) of their translation into Russian. The author gives some reasons of doubling the forms appearing in Russian texts: the existence of two ways of word borrowing (directly from Vietnamese and through English as a lingua franca), contradictions between the direct translation from Vietnamese into Russian and the use of English-Russian correlation, the prevailing of the written way of word borrowing, and some technical problems connected with the Vietnamese Latin script transliterating. The ways of solving the problem are proposed.

The paper proposes an authorial project of describing natural bilinguals’ communicative behavior . The matter of the research is the data of linguistic questionnaire. 90 young people, who are native speakers of Tatar-Russian and Khazakh-Russian bilingualism and who live on the territory of the Astrakhan region, were questioned.

The paper discusses the features of the "soul" of the Russian culture and its characteristic features, specific qualities and life experiences. For O. Spengler, the soul of the Russian culture is still developing, while for F. M. Dostoevsky, it is the genius “of the Russian people”. The authors emphasize the predominance of femininity in Russia, associated with the cult of the earth-mother and the cult of the Virgin. The idea of freedom (N. A. Berdyaev) is intertwined with the idea of unity. It is noted that the uniqueness of the soul of the Russian culture is its “screaming” heterogeneity, “the great gap” between the desired and the actual, self-exaltation and humiliation, Holiness and sin. It is a testimony to its complexity, tension; but at the same time – dominant parts on the whole, multidirectional, disintegration.

The paper considers the possibility of reducing substances of human consciousness through jobbing transformations in linguistic forms in order to determine the admissibility of creation itself , the existence and use of certain common ontological human perception of the existence of different environments in the communicative space , using as a research method of “contradiction” in relation to the British philosopher John Langshaw Austin’s theory of truth.

The authors state that justice, being a common and traditional value, appears to be defunct in the context of civil society. Justice by virtue of its ideal quality cannot be realized to the full extent, but it will always influence people’s wish to live in good society, the practical realization of the principles of the theory of justice. In the following research the authors made an attempt to identify the specific character of modern discourse of justice in general.

The paper is devoted to the philosophical analysis of the field structure of morality. The author considers the philosophical and ethical position of the representatives of the ancient Chinese philosophical thought, Antiquity, I. Kant, E. Durkheim, J.-P. Sartre, A. Badiou, A. Huseynov. The core of the research position is constituted by the ethical model of the American philosopher of law Lon Lewis Fuller, in which the single field of morality is structured into two areas the moral duty and moral aspirations. This allows identifying the problem of determining the boundary between the morality of duty and moral aspirations as a key problem of modern ethics. In addition, the paper provides a classification of basic philosophical and ethical theories used according to their types of study of the genesis of morality – a priori (based on the principles of morality debt) and a posteriori (presumption of receiving moral aspirations).

The paper presents experimental results on the study of the slow process of decomposition of crystals of silver azide in a magnetic field of complicated configurations with different heterogeneity. The study was conducted in unilateral spatial increasing magnetic field and in the field increasing on both sides of the crystal. Quantitative analysis of the degradation products was performed by volumetric methods. The reults show that in an inhomogeneous magnetic field of complicated configuration features of the distribution of gaseous decomposition products on the faces of the crystal are observed. The reason for this effect is that the appearance of an additional component of the Lorentz force, resulting in positive charge carriers, which are future reagents in chemical reactions, concentrated in the region of the crystal combined with the force lines of the magnetic field of lesser density. The experiment showed that in the inhomogeneous magnetic field of low intensity post-processes of decomposition have decaying nature, their intensity and duration increase with increasing gradient magnetic fields; in magnetic fields of above 0.01 T the influence of the gradient is insignificant compared with the action of the field.

The results of studying the effect of the initial temperature on the threshold of explosive decomposition of PETN and PETN with inclusions of Al 0,1 % by weight at the initiation of the first and second harmonics of the laser are presented. The experimental results indicate the identity of the development processes of explosive decomposition in the initiation with the first and second harmonics of the laser with the same effective activation energy of 0.4 eV. The difference of the absolute values of the thresholds of initiation at the initiation with the first and second harmonics in the experimental conditions is due to differences in the efficiency of absorption.

The paper investigates the theoretical approaches to the economic crisis and provides a classification of crisis phenomena in the economy. Based on comparative analysis of existing approaches to the economic crisis, particular attention is paid to structural crisis. The author concludes that the situation in the agrarian sector is not subject to the traditional classification of economic crises. The author proposes to supplement the classification to include the systemic crisis. Having considered the theoretical approaches to defining the concept of a systemic crisis, the author determined that the unity of opinions on this issue does not exist. Based on this the author clarifies the concept of a «systemic crisis» and suggests the characteristics and signs of a systemic crisis.

The paper describes the features of migration processes in the Russian regions; comparative analysis of indicators that characterize the extent and nature of migration in Central and Siberian federal districts was undertaken. The paper focuses on the migration flows to Russia from certain countries. The problem of migration in terms of legislative, social, labor, education is disaggregated; some directions for the development of measures to address the identified problem are suggested.

The manifestations of globalization and its connection with the development of economic theory are shown in the paper. The grounds of the need for development of the national economy theory are emphasized. It is proved that any theory is “nationally burdened”. The theoretical and methodological basis of national economy is shown.

RETRACTED ARTICLE

The paper deals with the model of developing the partnership between the state and business structures for the transport sector on the basis of formation of the transport and logistics clusters and their underlying coordination structures, transport and logistics centers. The author suggests estimating the synergetic effect of the creation of transportlogistics cluster on the basis of a mark estimation of changes that are present in the activities of the transport and logistics centers, which proves the effectiveness of its functioning from the point of view of reaching synergetic effect.

The paper addresses the factors and conditions that determine the adaptation effectiveness of coal-mining enterprises to the variability and uncertainty of market demand in the cycle of current and strategic management.

The authors elaborated and substantiated the methods of structured quantitative analysis of economic risks in coal mines, due to the presence of market demand uncertainty factor, in the cycle of current and strategic management.

The paper explains the notion of “institutional environment” as well as the role of institutional environment in the process of formation and functioning of the regional innovative system. The author justifies the necessity of improving state mechanism of regulating economy by the  authorities of the Russian Federation subjects aiming at sustainable development and overall innovative development. The paper lays special emphasis on formation of effective rules and regulations for innovative development of the region as an important component of institutional environment for creating and maintaining the work of subjects of innovative activity.

The paper deals with the main leading principles that are necessary for taxpayers to implement the activity directed at legal reduction of taxload providing the strengthening of the governmental policy against tax non-payment.

Crimes against property remain the most widespread among committed crimes. The paper considers the features of legislative regulation of criminal responsibility for theft and robbery in Spain, as well as the problem of differentiating between the two crimes in the Criminal Code of Spain and a number of foreign countries. Studying the norms of criminal law of foreign countries allows considering problems of qualification of this category of crimes from various points of view.

The paper presents a comparative legal analysis of the relevant provisions of the Land code of the Russian Federation and of the proposed changes in some of its provisions from 1 January 2015 in connection with the entry into force of the Federal law of July 21, 2014 No. 234-FZ "On amending certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation". The purpose of the study lies in the legal assessment of changes in land legislation from the point of view of the theory of land rights and practices in key areas: legal protection of lands, state forests, state land supervision, land control, realization of rights and responsibilities for the use of land. The paper provides some conclusions about the importance of the changes in the land laws, for the landowners, and government bodies engaged in control functions; the establishment of a clear legal framework of state land supervision and control that will significantly improve their efficiency and, at the same time, the need for further development of the provisions on municipal and public land control; some of the shortcomings of certain provisions of law relating to the protection of lands, including the use of the terms “exhaustion”, “damage” and “the destruction of the land”. In general, the paper lists both pros and cons of the changes in land legislation.

The paper addresses the relation between social and lawful behavior of the person as a generic andspecific element, revealing their general and distinctive signs. The author pays attention to the other not legal social regulators – moral and religious standards of behaviour. On the basis of the analysis of social and legal standards of behavior, the author concludes that the lawful behavior can have socially harmful character, and, on the contrary, the illegal behavior can be social useful.

This monograph considers a type of the youth slang which refers to the world of music and which also labels the young as members of the particular social group, serving them too as a tool for affirming themselves within the group.
The monograph presents how the slang lexemes listed in the appended Serbian and Russian music mini-lexicons have been created or, in particular, (1) the models of their structure formation, (2) their semantic motivation for naming certain entities. A comparative analysis of the two mini-lexicons has been undertaken on a synchronic perspective in order to highlight the basic structural correspondences between the music slangs of the young people from the two Slavic milieus.

The paper is devoted to choice of priorities of the state social policy of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to examine the process of selecting the priorities of state social policy and relate them with the model of the welfare state, declared in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Documentary, comparative, systematic and historical methods were used as a theoretical basis of the research. The study resulted in the analysis of the process of selecting the priorities of state social policy in the Russian Federation. The results can be used in the educational process for Masters and PhD students in Political Science. The author formulated the conclusion about the formation of the new priorities in the system – the constructive direction of social policy corresponding to the model of the welfare state.

The paper reveals the role of Islam in the Arab countries policy, highlights secular and spiritual aspects of Islamic government policy. The principles of Islamic government and the requirements of Sharia to the political practice of the Arab world are demonstrated.

The paper presents the results of sociological studies on the diagnostics of corporate culture which have been carried out among educators and students of Kemerovo State University. The analysis reveals essential distinctions in the educators’ and students’ ideas about the university’s culture: students mainly characterize the existing culture as clan, and professors and the other staff – as bureaucratic. However, both those who train and those who are trained prefer to work and study in the conditions of family culture. In assessing the level of culture at the university, students are more favourable than educators.

The paper discusses the current processes for development and transformation of radical youth movements in Russia. The systematic character of youth radicalism associated with socio-economic, political and geopolitical processes is presented.
The author notes that there are features that distinguish the phenomenon of youth activism in the identity formation of members of radical youth groups, which often leads to the exclusion of young people from the legal political process.