This paper studies the problem of psychological well-being and health of modern people. The aim of the research is the differentiation of the concepts of “psychological wellbeing” and “psychological health” and studying the specifics of their achievement and preservation. Important is the consideration of the psychological well-being as a technology of the correction of victimization. The methods of research are theoretical analysis, synthesis, generalization of scientific sources, testing, quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data. The concept of “psychological health” is a part of the health. Psychological health includes features allowing maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of people with the changing environment and realizing public functions. This implies that a psychologically healthy personality is adapted to the society and functioning in it. Psychological well-being as a holistic, subjective experience has a basic meaning for the person and is determined by the terminal and instrumental values, which include happiness, happy life, self-actualization, etc. The state of psychological well-being determines the relationship with other people, possibilities of self-development, experiencing meaning and purpose of life, self-understanding and self-acceptance. The results of the research can be used when carrying out psychological consultation on problems of psychological wellbeing and health of the personality.

The presented findings arise from the research of the perception of manipulation situation by students majoring in Pedagogics by means of the semantic differential method. The dependency relations on cultural identity of victims and the manipulator’s self-appraisal are presented. Semantic features of participants’ self-concept are considered in the context of the manipulating behavior. The tendency to criticism and undervaluing of the Russian characters in comparison with the American ones is revealed. The research suggests the attained results concerning the students’ psychological profile can be extended by their propensity for manipulating and the empathy development level. The research findings can be widely used to introduce the clarity of the psychological profiles of the manipulator and the victim of manipulation impact as well as the development of the methods and techniques of manipulation impact protection.

The paperanalyzes the phenomenon of Internet communication. The author describes the methods and results of research of the perception of images in real life and in the virtual environment of the Internet. It has been discovered that images of people in the virtual and non-virtual realities have significant differences. The image of people in the Internet communication is less natural, more appealing, trustworthy, intelligent, fair, honest, conscientious, but at the same time, more determined, independent, confident, calm and unruffled.

The paper is devoted to the research of pedagogical interaction as a model of formal communication, which is formed in schoolchildren. Participants’ expectations of forthcoming joint educational activities are the basis of the research. The structure, special aspects of expectation and comparative analysis are given in the paper. The role of expectation components in the formation in schoolchildren’s experience is shown.

The paper is devoted to the problem of psychological adaptation and integration in the modern social-economic conditions of the socially vulnerable indigenous peoples of the South of Western Siberia (Shors, Kumandins, Teleuts and Tubulars). The authors present the results of the research of the intentional identity in ethno-psychological factors in behavior. The paper discusses the similarities and differences of the spectrum of the dominant instincts, emotional tendencies and the peculiarities of the functional asymmetry of the brain in representatives of indigenous peoples with representatives of some professions, students and pupils from a number of carriers of modern dominant culture. The authors debate the necessity of further in-depth study of the problem.

The paper represents the exploration of the alienation of the physical Self in the context of the assignment of the body by the subject. The following assumptions were formulated: 1) the phenomena of alienation are the manifestations of the disintegration of the physical Self; 2) integration of the physical Self refers to the ability to recognize and adopt the physical characteristics of the body, the formation of an instrumental attitude to it. Therefore empirical hypotheses have been put forward. The study involved 2 test samples, representing some vital context of the formation of body image: 1) patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery with visible physical defects (30 people); 2) subjects without physical defects (30 people). The following techniques were used: semi-structured interviews, photo and video shootings, projective techniques, questionnaires. As the result of the research, the physical phenomenology of alienation of the physical Self and its psychological meaning has been allocated, the patterns of attitude to the body in the samples tested and the dependence of acceptance or rejection of the body on the type of personal organization of study participants have been shown.

The authors present the results of empirical research conducted in five Siberian cities. A complex of methods was used for assessment of personal potential. The data obtained indicate that the evaluation of the environment for personal and professional potential development among boys and girls is similar. For most young people, family and work remain absolute values. The authors indicate trends in which young men expressed more desire for challenge, success, entrepreneurship, while girls expect a good job associated with serving people in more a characteristic “departure” from reality, focus on the imagined or recreated environments, objects and their own experiences that may be associated with these environments, objects, situations. Such conflicting self may influence the assessment and prospects of building their own future.

The paper is devoted to the creative potential of a person working in the correctional system. The importance of personnel readiness to innovations is justified and the psychological and acmeological parts of such readiness are revealed. In addition, the main components and different levels of a psychological and acmeological readiness are defined. The research focuses on the psychological and acmeological components of readiness of a correctional system personnel to renewal innovations. The research objective is a practical ground of problems of the psychological and acmeological readiness to innovations of penitentiary system personnel, criterion of estimation of the psychological and acmeological readiness and detection of its level. Moreover, it is important to find factors that can either promote or prevent the achievement of a high-level readiness.

According to the empirical findings, employees who work in the correctional system for more than 5 years are more socially creative than those who work less than 5 years. 3 groups of employees were determined: the one with a low level of psychological and acmeological readiness to innovations, the one with a medium level and the one with a high level. The following is relevant for an employee with a low level of the psychological and acmeological readiness to innovations: poor receptiveness to changing; unclear project of life, professional plans and priorities; low motivation to self-development and taking new professional skills; neutral or negative attitude to the job; low social activity and creativity. Medium level of the psychological and acmeological readiness to innovations is characterized with a sufficient level of development of the listed components, but external factors can significantly influence the practical realization of innovations. The attitude to the job is neutral or rather positive than negative.Employees with a high level of the psychological and acmeological readiness for innovations are characterized with active living and professional position. The project of life and priorities correspond to the professional position. The person is determined to self-actualize in a profession, displays a reasonable creativity and finds new ways of solving problems for optimization and productivity. The employee practices new technologies and tries to use the knowledge and skills in practical activity. The high level of adaptability to changing conditions is registered. The person is usually satisfied with the chosen profession.

The research results will help to advance the psychological follow-up of the correctional system personnel in the renewal conditions. It is reasonable to use the results during the vocational selection to the correctional system and under the further training of the penitentiary system personnel.

The paper presents and discusses the results of the 2013 – 2014 survey of a number of students from native peoples of the North and non-indigenous students living in Magadan. The survey allowed, firstly, to compare the features of valuable orientations of students among the native peoples of the North and non-indigenous students; secondly, to determine the specifics of valuable orientations of students among the indigenous people. To examine the specificity of students from the native peoples of the North and non-indigenous students M. Rokeach’s method of “valuable orientations” was used. It was found that the surveyed samples of indigenous peoples and non-indigenous peoples have similar structure of the terminal and instrumental values: among value-goals, the first position is taken by “health” and “happy family life”, among values-means – “education” and “educatedness”, but the students originating form indigenous people value the beauty of nature and art higher. Thus, these data show that the understanding of significant life values of students from indigenous and non-indigenous people is very similar and does not depend on their ethnic group.

The paper presents the necessity of studying professional-value orientations based on the conditions of the modern dynamic society. The study of the category of professional-value orientations is aimed at training specialist able and motivated for the effective implementation of their professional activity. The paper considers the features of professional-value orientations as an independent psychological phenomenon that has the leading role in determining the professional level of a specialist. On the basis of the methodological analysis of such categories as professionally important qualities and professional competence, the definitions (concept, formation mechanisms, development) of professional-value orientations are specified and their general structure is presented. It is shown that the professionally important qualities and professional competence do not reflect meaningful aspects of the specialist’s development. In contrast, professional-value orientations can act as a universal criterion that measures the level of the personal professional activity relevance and the individual self-realization in work. Further study of the construct mentioned in the paper is necessary for developing diagnostic tools and programs of psychological support of the formation of professional-value orientations in the learning process at the higher educational institution. 

In order to assess the importance of family, school, psychosocial, personal factors and mental health factor for the formation of learning motivation 419 students were surveyed in grades 8 – 10 (49 % boys and 51 % girls) studying with various educational programs. The peculiarities of learning motivation, personality characteristics, mental health and social conditions of children were evaluated. The study found that these factors had a specific value for learning motivation, depending on the training program. For learning motivation of adolescents from developing classes, personality traits are more important, whereas learning motivation of students from classes with in-depth studying of subjects was determined more often by characteristics of the family and upbringing. In specialized classes the decrease in learning motivation was forecasted by conflicts with teachers and peers, whereas in traditional classes learning motivation was influenced by mental health problems and family worship along with personal and school factors. The results may be useful in the planning of psycho-pedagogical work in differentiated education.

The paper presents the results of a study of 210 students aged from 16 to 20 years old enrolled in the university and the college os Moscow State Psycho-Pedagogical University. 162 healthy and 48 disability students were investigated for differences in self-regulation structures and social support. The hypothesis of this study is that social support is built into the system of self-regulation as the personal resources in a situation of disability without resources of coping, but for healthy students social support is an external sustainability resource and part of the social capital in subject well-being. The results of the correlation, factor and regression analysis confirmed the hypothesis of relation between social support and stress duration in the two groups of students. The paper showed that social support is engaged in difficult situations as a resource of stability for short-term stress situation and as a resource for self-regulation in disability situation.

The paper presents the reflexive forms of the technology of psycho-educational support by the professional pedagogical education. It discusses somne aspects of their implementation and the initial results. The author describes the main features of students’ understanding the meaning of the professional pedagogical position; the features of students’ analysis of their first professional experience connected with teaching and communication with children are discussed. The paper gives an analysis of future teachers’ interpretations of their own emotional reactions to conflict behavior of children in the classroom.

In order to identify the characteristics of personal fulfillment of volunteers, a comparative study using the methods of content analysis and survey was conducted. The results reveal the objectives and motives of participation in volunteering, and especially the level of satisfaction and personal fulfillment of volunteers. Statistically significant differences in terminal and instrumental values’ significance were revealed, as well as differences in the subjective evaluation of implemented values. The results are applicable to the work of public and youth organizations, in the activities of vocational guidance of young people, in the attraction of young people for volunteering, in the development of youth volunteer organizations, as well as in the development of teaching materials and courses for students of educational programs related to the work with youth.

The paper discusses the understanding of the crisis in modern psychological studies. The specifics of the crises faced by the modern Russian youth are examined, the contents and features of crisis situations in the period of studying at the University are disclosed. The author describe the technologies of social work to resolve crisis situations of young people and claim the importance of value-semantic paradigm as the basis for the development and implementation of technologies of work with students in a crisis situation. The actual problems of university students are empirically allocated; the paper reveals a model of social work with the students of Kemerovo State University, trapped in a crisis situation, assesses its effectiveness and makes recommendations for its optimization.

The paper is devoted to the journalist’s text quality. Some factors of media conflicts’ origins are exposed. The quoted examples of some expressive means of language, used by certain mass media, are lined up to the typology of relative causes which are able to establish some potential conflict situations. The role of the linguistic examination as a tool of mass media conflict solution is specified. Also, the conditions and the problems of its practical application are listed.

The examples of linguistic inspection, used during litigations with participation of mass media and journalists, are brought. The importance of theoretical and practical investigation of this topic in Kazakhstan’s mass media sphere is proved by the statistics of the International fond of liberty of speech «Әділ сөз» about journalists’ suit. The necessity of communicative, linguistic and legal culture raise is emphasized.

The attempt to investigate different approaches to discourse understanding in foreign and Russian linguistics based on the critical analysis of theoretical literature is made in this paper. Different approaches to the discourse analysis in the French, German and Austrian, Anglo-American and Russian schools of discourse are studied. Correlation between the notions of “text” and “discourse” as well as such notions as “language”, “speech”, “dialogue” are emphasized. Difficulties in definitions, caused by different approaches and existing in modern linguistics, are shown.

The paper is devoted to the study of the Russian and the Chinese phraseology, which includes lexical components with names of animals. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the peculiarities of perception and functioning of zoophraseologisms and zoolexemes in the Russians and the Chinese languages as necessary components of their linguistic world picture. For comparison of zoolexemes perception by Russian and Chinese native speakers an associative experiment was carried out, during which similarities and differences of associative zoonyms’ relations that characterize people in the Chinese and Russian linguistic cultures were revealed. The results showed that not all the meanings of zoolexemes in a certain lingvistic culture are reflected in dictionaries and references, and the perception and use of the same zoolexemes in Russian and Chinese have semantic differences due to the specifics of language pictures of the world of these peoples, deterministic natural conditions, cultural and religious traditions, as well as the nomination of the trend, which is the basis for the Russian and Chinese languages. Ignorance of these features of perception and use of phraseology may occur in intercultural communication and obstruct the dialogue.

The paper deals with Ivan Bunin’s poems written in 1916 – 1952, which remain still the least examined part of his oeuvre. In this period the author’s attitude to creative work might be called ambivalent: at the same time he was certain of the anti-entropic matter of art, but disappointed in its resources. The poet purposed to deny all kinds of conventionalities, to speak about things that are “truly yours and genuine, and justly claim to be expressed, to leave a trace…” Both his prose and lyrics were affected by this claiming to escape the conventionalities of art, to liberate the artistic form, to draw literature closer to the real. The genre of the most liberating potential appeared to be the fragment. The poet’s lyrical self-expression assigned to such fragmental construction is even more distinct in prose, where the fragment is more stable in genre respect. It was important for Bunin to represent incompleteness and infinity of life. Word and reality tend to get substantially closer, but the verse form, inevitably bound to literature and cultural associations, resist the approach. That is why the conventionalities of verse could not be overcome even with the maximal simplification of style and rhythm.

The paper deals with the role of the traditional wedding ceremony in the development of the conflict and the creation of the characters system in the drama of N. V. Gogol. In the comedy “Marriage” is traces the situation of wedding collision as a pre-wedding stage. A sequence of ritual acts of characters (matchmaking, bride-show, engagement) is noted. Roles of actors of the play refer to the functions of the participants of the wedding ceremony (groom, bride, matchmaker, groomsman). The individualizing behavior of characters, creating the comic effect, is notede. In the “The Government Inspector” the marriage motif is presented in the episode of blessing of the young. Imaginary preparing for the wedding is the part of the “mirage plot”. In both plays the marriage motif is the archetypal basis of the action as a whole (“Marriage”) or a single significant episode. All characters formally follow ceremonial actions, but are incapable to conform to their wedding roles because of their individual character or social status.

The study discovers the role of the elements of a traditional wedding ritual in disclosing the artistic sense of the dramatic works of Gogol.

The paper highlights the directions of international cooperation between Kemerovo State University and one of the oldest educational institutions in Serbia – Niš University. It is proved that in the era of globalization it is impossible to obtain higher education without close collaboration of universities from different countries, and obtaining a philological education involves the study of Slavic languages.  For the purpose of more efficient acquisition of the Slavic languages, culture and the linguistic consciousness of the Slavic languages speakers, the signed agreement on cooperation provides and implements a variety of activities: exchange of teachers and students, implementation of popular student programs and international research projects, organization of joint scientific conferences. The experience of cooperation of the two Slavic universities suggests that the interest in the Russian language in Serbia, the need in its acquisition have particularly increased in recent years resulting from the strengthening of not only economic but also cultural and scientific relations. The prospects of research and educational relations between our universities involve the introduction of network learning in the educational process and the opportunity for our students to obtain the European-style diploma transcripts.

The paper describes the writing-speech activity of the “naïve author”, who is manifested in that activity. Written texts are analyzed from the point of view of their belonging to the genroide of “poetic message”. The characteristics of near-literary genres such as the poetic message (and its variant – the friendly message), friendly letter, epistle (writing in verse) are described here. The author substantiates the position that the genre consciousness of the “naïve author” is not formed, as forms of narration are selected intuitively.

The paper was accomplished at the junction of three rapidly developing areas of modern Russian language studies: speech genre theory, lingvopersonology and the theory of natural writing.

The paper aims to identify the specifics of the figure of the Italian military leader of the 16^th century, Francesco Ferrucci, as a historical figure and a novel character. Using the method of comparative analysis, the author draws as the materials of research a scientific monograph by the Russian historian V. K. Piskorski and a historical novel by the Italian romantic writer F. D. Guerrazzi. The last years and the fall of the Florentine Republic, 1527 – 1530, are considered as the main period of the comparative study of the figure of Ferrucci. The critical aspects of the personality of Francesco Ferrucci and the specifics of their representation in the scientific monograph and the historical novel are considered. The novelty and relevance of this work consist in a lack of study of the works of Italian writer of Romanticism F. D. Guerrazzi in the Russian literary criticism, in particular, of his central novel – "Siege of Florence", the main character of which is considered to be a heroic military leader and defender of the Florentine Republic Francesco Ferrucci. Thus, as a result of this work the main specific features of the figure of F. Ferrucci as a historical personage and a literary character, conditioned by the genre specifics of the Italian historical novel of Romanticism, were identified.

The paper investigates the methods of discourse treatment of cultural otherness stipulated to be the main function of literary and narrative communication, with respect to intercultural interaction. The study is based on I. Brezna’s masterpiece «Die undankbare Fremde» (2012) written in German. Several literary and narrative multicultural communication functions are identified in this text. Discourse representation of otherness is supposed to be the key function of the communication. That latter comprises a set of linguistic and cultural means for the representation of a reflex of adaptation process. The text exhibits this function at the lexical level through the implementation of a few semantic oppositions, pronoun deicsis and description of some specific topics. The syntax level manifests in peculiarities of the formal text pattern, as well as in chronology. The second function of a literature narrative is minimization of adaptation stress due to its interiorisation through the development of secondary concept linguistics universe. The third function is a transfer of mental experience of a real author or narrator to a reader. The fourth function is overcoming the stereotypization towards migrants’ culture among the native speakers of a language.

The paper discusses the problems of researching business presentation as new genre of business communication. Studying of this genre corresponds to the business linguistics perspective – the actual interdisciplinary direction of modern linguistics focused on studying of various formats of communication in the sphere of business. The actual perspective of business linguistics is considered. The characteristic of the genre of business presentation from the point of view of features of the communicative situation, the purposes and means of the speech impact made by the businessman on the potential investor are exposed. On the basis of the review of scientific literature on the subject of the research, conclusions about the need for further studying of business presentations are drawn.

The study explores the application of innovative methods of teaching the Russian language to Iranian students.When teaching a foreign language the practical principles of teaching are more important than anything else; and particular attention should be paid to the ability of the language learner to communicate. All these have sought to bring about a growing trend toward the need for new methods and approaches to language teaching. New methods focus on equal interaction among learners during the language learning process. In other words, the directive model has been replaced by interactive model which is far more efficient and productive, and conforms to the learner’s personality.

The intellectual and political elite discourse, which plays an important role in adopting new ideas in the society, often use the terms expressing abstract concepts. “Internationalism” in the Soviet Russia was one of these terms.

The goal of this paper is to analyze the origins of the international discourse in the Bolshevik milieu at the beginning of the 20^th century. This research is based on discourse analysis drawing on the methodology of social constructivism, which considers discourse as a constitutive of the social reality and a social phenomenon.

The author concludes that the word “internationalism” had appeared in RSDLP(b) intellectual party elite discourse before Bolsheviks coming to power and laid the foundations for the Soviet Union ideology and policies towards nationalities inside the country, as well as foreign policy. Double orientation of “internationalism” motto (which literally means “between nations”) was linked to Bolsheviks’ recognition of double meaning of the term of “nation” – national minority on the one hand, national state on the other. 

The paper considers the establishment of the guberniya’s Cheka and its completion by communists using mobilization among the communists of the central regions of the country, as well as from the local comrades. The paper discovers the chekists’ prosecution of former officers, the Socialist-Revolutionaries, Social Democrats, cooperators and students. We study the relations of the Communist party and the Soviet structures with Special Emergency Service. All chiefs of the Tomsk Emergency Committee were not native citizens, unrelated with the local party organizations and city community. Chekists forced the party committees into barring Communists vouch for their arrested comrades. In 1920, only half of the officials of the Cheka were members of the Communist Party.

The paper provides the analysis of the emergence and the first steps of development of the institute of Manpower Reserves of the USSR in the conditions of Siberia at the beginning of World War II. Features of mobilization of youth in educational institutions of Manpower Reserves, as well as the specifics of theoretical and inservice training in vocational schools, railway schools and workschools are considered. The author drives at the conclusion that the intensity of growth of Manpower Reserves system in Siberia significantly surpassed the rates of the other regions of the USSR, which also reflected the general potential of Siberia during the War.

Basing on the particular historical and educational methods of «the history of the country through regional history», the paper aims to reveal the process of creation and functioning of Krasnoyarsk Forced Labour Camp of the USSR National Commissariat of Military Affairs. The example of the history of the Kraslag (Krasnoyarsk Forced Labour Camp of National Commissariat of Military Affairs of the USSR) is used to characterize the specifics of the prison system in Krasnoyarsk Region in emergency wartime conditions. The features of the camp contingent composition are identified and the number of prisoners is calculated. 

The paper offers a view of shamanism as a semiotic system that represents a set of different options for communication between man and nature. It is stated that the opposition of light and darkness can be seen as belonging to basic dual structures with the help of which the time and space characteristics of the shamanic cosmos were formed. Through this binary opposition, the idea of division between the human and the pre(non)human world, each of which has its own spacial localization, was expressed, as well as the marking of life and death processes was done. Moreover, the initial dualism was afterwards complemented by a gradual (three-term) division of the universe where at the one extreme there is the principle of shortage (inferiority) of light and life and at the other – the principle of redundancy (the source of life and light). The shamanic tradition offered various options for mediation that reconcile the light and dark sides of being and also defined special principles of communication between the worlds. 

Drawing on ethnographic research on the peoples of Siberia, the paper deals with symbolism which is based on the opposition of odd and even numbers. The research is carried out within semiotic methodology that allows identifying dual structures as a basis for a particular view of the world. The dominance of odd numbers in understanding the universe in shamanic practices allows us to speak of the predominantly favourable attitude towards them in contrast to even (unfavourable) numbers. The symbolism of the numbers 7 and 9 can be seen as ‘building blocks’ of the universe which characterize the development of the latter and define its structural specificity. These numbers were used for encoding information which included characteristics of dwellers of different worlds, as well as for forming a certain ‘sacred’ geography encompassing shamanic paths, river beds, dwellings with many doors, etc. Apart from that, numbers (along with the dichotomy of even and odd numbers) can be considered as a language of spirits by means of which information is transmitted to the human world and thus as an important way of communication between the worlds.

The paper reconstructs the development of stock-raising branch in the agricultural sector of Kemerovo Region in the 1960s – first half of the 1980s.The author dwells upon the main tendencies and results, drawing a conclusion that all the changes in the agricultural area of Kemerovo Region were connected with the changes in agricultural policy of the Soviet Union. The considerable stock-raising output growth in the Region during the first decade was the result of sector recovery after the crisis of the early 1960s as well as the favourable effect of the measures accepted at the March plenary assembly (in 1965). The slow-down of the second half of the 1970s and decrease in production of the 1980s were caused by the deregulation of the operating economic system. The sector stabilization in the second half of the eleventh five-year industrial plan was caused by the positive impact of the USSR Food Programme

The paper presents the results of atomic-emission analysis of the elemental composition of the bronze originating from the northwestern Tagar culture area and dating by the Tesin stage. The mass analysis of the Tesin bronzes from this region were obtained for the first time. It has proved the predominance of arsenic copper and arsenic copper with tin addition in Alchedat I’s bronzes. Alchedat I’s set of bronze recipes differs from Minusinsk Tesin metal, where mainly arsenic and tin-arsenic bronzes have been discovered. Another specific feature of the Mariinsk bronzes was revealed at the presence of several Tagar knives produced from the lead-arsenic bronze which is most characteristic of the metallurgical centers in the Baikal region of the Hun time. Another attractive peculiarity of Alchedat I’s copper is the constant presence of tin concentrations at metal. Perhaps it should be explained by the practice of the secondary smelting of the bronze wares that could be withdrawn from the earlier burials.

The paper shows the process of formation and dynamics of the system of labour camps for homeless teenagers at various stages of the study period. The author focuses on the finding that the work of homeless teenagers was actively used for educational purposes, and labour colonies for minors during the War were included in the structure of the labour force of the country.

The paper presents the results of the authors’ field research of the Chuvash of Terekhino Village in Topkinsky District of Kemerovo Region. The authors characterize the conditions and the forms of existence ethnocultural markers there. A number of issues which determine the prospects for their further development are highlighted. Authors state the leveled character of daily life of the considered group of the population. Ethnic traditions are mainly reproduced in the scenes  staged at the local Cultural and leisure center. At that, the unsuccessful social and economic situation defines the problem of its activity in the long-term period. If the recorded situation is not changed, the Chuvash language might extinguish completely in the future. According to the authors, in these conditions supporting the work of the specified culture and leisure institution is necessary: for example, in the form of cooperation with the Department of Theory and History of National Art Culture of Kemerovo Institute of Culture, where qualified personnel can be trained.

The paper first introduces into the scientific circulation the new data on the open pottery workshop in the Eastern Aral Sea region, which was part of an industrial complex. The results obtained at the monument largely enhance our understanding of the level of development of material culture and production technologies in the ancient delta of the Syr Darya in the last third of the 1st millennium BC.

The paper discusses the problem of adaptation of the peasants to climatic and socio-economic conditions in Western Kazakhstan. On the basis of diverse sources the author shows the employment situation of immigrants, the problem of granting them land and solution of social problems. The paper addresses some facts about the creation of immigrant farms and the difficulty of the process. The materials of the research can be used by scientists for writing works on the history of Kazakhstan.

The paper deals with the procedure of election and appointment of the first Taurida Muftis. The activity of Muftis is displayed in the process of integration of the Crimean Muslim population to the Russian Empire composition. The authors study the actions of the Russian government concerning the establishment of the dialogue with the Crimean Tatar people in the person of Taurida Muftis. The role of local administration in the person of Taurida region leaders in the solution of burning issues of Muslim population of the peninsula is shown. The Senator I. V. Lopuhin’s papers are analysed regarding the establishment of Taurida Mohammedan spiritual rule in the peninsula. The lack of arrangement in Muslim Spiritual Board continued until 1831 when "Regulations on the Taurida Mohammedan clergy and the spiritual state of the board" was settled as a law.