In the article the actuality of study of quality of life is described as an integrative factor which influences the psychoemotional state of women in the period of pregnancy. According to the study methodology, the content of quality of life is disclosed in the indicators of physical and psychological components of health. By means of method of descriptive statistics and analysis of reliable differences general content is presented and specific features of quality of life in women in the period of the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy are disclosed. It is found that from the first trimester to the third one the content of components of quality of life is characterized by increase of limitations in performing the physical load, improvement of general emotional state and increase of vital force and energy. Features of psychoemotional state of women in the period of the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy are disclosed and described. It is revealed that the state of most women in every trimester of the pregnancy is characterized as a favourable one, however, in the first and last trimester for women a heightened anxiousness, lack of selfconfidence, rigidity, inability to satisfy their own needs are more typical than in the period of the second trimester of pregnancy. On the ground of results of the conducted correlational analysis the interrelationship of indicators of quality of life with indicators of psychoemotional state of pregnant women is shown and described, conditions of physical and psychological well-being in every trimester of pregnancy are identified. It was revealed that in the period of the first and second trimesters of pregnancy the conditions of physical and psychological well-being are as follows: readiness of women to respond flexibly in the new life situation, resistance towards failures, self-confidence and optimal level of anxiousness; in the period of the third trimester of pregnancy: feeling of well-being, positive mood, activity, resistance towards failures and self-confidence.

The article presents an analysis of the construct of "social intelligence" in the context of investigation of violation of socialization and adaptation processes, as well as formation of victimization of the individual in contemporary sociocultural catches. The paper presents an analysis of the main approaches to the understanding of social intelligence, as well as its relations with various kinds of competence of the individual. The article considered causes and effects of difficulties in social functioning of the individual. A retrospective analysis of development of the concept of "social intelligence" in domestic and foreign psychological science, its relationship with such concepts as "communicative competence", "social competence", "social and perceptual competence" is presented. Analysis and synthesis of these approaches has led to the assumption of the role of social intelligence in determining the socialization process, and makes it possible to offer a new approach to solving the problem of violations of human social functioning.

The article shows that the problem of hypo- and hyperdiagnostic of depression is related to the differences in its manifestations among representatives of different countries, as well as ethnic minorities living in the same country. This raises the issue of cultural validation of the depression symptoms. The values of collectivism-individualism as one of the dimensions of cultures that defines their differences, is associated with the possibilities of the formation of psychopathology. The article presents the results of the study of manifestation peculiarities of collectivism-individualism among the respondents of ethnic groups ofSiberiain the context of studying the problems of depression factors. The questionnaire "Scale of individualism-collectivism" (Triandis H. C.) is used. The study features representatives of the ethnic groups ofSiberia. The results revealed that the manifestations of collectivism-individualism are presented in different ways in groups according to ethnic and nosologic criteria; the preference values of collectivism in the group "Altai" and "Yakut" is marked, in the other groups no pronounced orientation towards the poles of collectivism-individualism is revealed; the respondents with the manifestations of the depression symptoms are more focused on the mutual dependence of people from each other regardless of the ethnicity, and they are characterized by three types of the ratio of intensity values of collectivismindividualism; respondents without depressive symptoms according to the criterion of collectivism-individualism are characterized by two types.

A multi-disciplinary team of pediatricians, child neurologists and psychiatrists, school psychologists, speech therapists, speech pathologists, and specialists in social work explored the dynamics of psychological health of 121 families of Russianspeaking migrants from the former Soviet republics in conditions of migration. The nature of family communication and the relationships of parents and children in this group were analyzed, both prior migration, and in the changed sociopsychological conditions. In most cases, in the families before the migration it was possible to state adequate conditions and parenting style which characterized the family as stable and prosperous. Evaluating retrospectively all positive mental attitude of parents to the children in these families, we allocated some models of them. As the research has shown, a social-psychological crisis of the family causes change in its structure, in the general psychological status of the family and affects primarily the system of upbringing. In migrants’ families there was a significant increase in divorces. In those families that preserved their structure disturbances of social status were accompanied by changes in the general atmosphere of the family with a more or less pronounced signs of psychological tension. In many families a change educational approaches was detected. As a result of psychological stress, the number of conflict situations witnessed by children dramatically increased. The results of the study show that the number of divorced families has increased by almost 8 times. In addition, families on the verge of divorce have been identified with a more conflict relationship. The inability of families to effectively adapt to new conditions became the cause of antisocial behavior in children.

The article shows that children in boarding institutions are generally characterized by limited possibilities of social, psychological and physical health, a significant reduction in indicators of specific and non-specific resistance to different settings that affect the formation of social experience of graduates during their life and professional self-determination. These submissions indicate that the formation of the social experience of senior residential care tailored to the psychosomatic health should be based on a set of focused consistent action of psycho-pedagogical and medico-social nature, aimed at enhancing the adaptive capacity of the individual (psychological stability, physical readiness, communicative behavior, moral and normative indicators of socialization) and providing self-determination of students.

The article describes the main determinants of aggressiveness of personality. It introduces a four-level model of aggressiveness of personality depending on the type of behavioral regulation and ways of information processing: generalized aggression; selective, local aggression; adaptive and creative aggression. Selected stages of aggression: accumulation of negative emotions; stress or strain; discharge of emotional stress. Levels and stages of aggressive behavior differ in the degree of manifestation of aggressiveness. The article features a number of close correlations between aggressiveness and the factors obtained by specific diagnostic techniques.

The paper presents the results of the phenomenological study focused on the time perspective in drug addicts. Phenomenological analysis of verbatim reports of group sessions, which were held at the rehabilitation center, allows one to reveal the following features of the time perspective in drug addicts: 1) disturbance in the chronological perspective; 2) disturbance in the meaning perspective; 3) disturbance in the specifics of time; and to show the part of this features in rehabilitation.

The women who are carrying out the role of grandmothers were under study for the aim of their self-consciousness. The results of this research are presented in this article. The emphasis is placed on the self-image of today's grandmothers, identification of the feelings of subjective wellbeing prevailing at them and in allocation of the place of grandchildren in the structure of their consciousness. The article describes the results of empirical research which was aimed at studying the satisfaction with the "grandmother" role occupied in a family by women. There is also a description of self-assessment and structural characteristics of grandmothers’ self-consciousness. It was found that the image of today's grandmothers had changed and demonstrates satisfaction with themselves, their present life, their position in the family caused by the birth of grandchildren.

The article presents a review of researches of implicit learning. This phenomenon is defined as knowledge which is mostly unconscious and difficultly verbalized but has a significant impact on cognitive activity. The aim of current analysis of scientific literature is the description of effects, the search of relevant study method. The results have shown both inconsistencies in experimental materials and lack of the conventional scientific explanation for implicit learning. The conclusion is that more relevant theory is necessary to create methods and to explain the data. The following way of study has been proposed: implicit learning should be understood as an indivisible process of an interaction between the conscious and the unconscious.

This paper presents the results of a statistical analysis of empirical facts obtained on the basis of the implementation of the author's program of social and psychological support of foreign students’ intercultural adaptation. The main directions of the program are: the development of social and personal skills, the overcoming of the negative phenomena, the development of social and psychological characteristics of a foreign student’s personality. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes in the social and psychological aspects of foreign students’ intercultural adaptation on the basis of the application of support program: situational anxiety, subjective well-being, cultural distance, ethnic tolerance, culture shock, affective component of ethnic identity, adaptability, interactivity, depression, estrangement.

The article features the problem of correlation between the parameters of psychological defenses and personality characteristics of students. It was found that if the person, when resolving difficult life situations, has resorted to the use of defense mechanisms, such as repression, regression, compensation, substitution or jet formation, this leads to a decrease of flexibility of behavior and refusal to accept themselves as is, an increase of the dependence on the opinion of others, and prevents adequate perception of time. The article defines the dominant mechanisms of psychological defenses among first-year students, such as the mechanism of "projection", "denial" and "intellectualization ". It is proved that self-actualized individuals change their behavior in accordance with the situation and demonstrate a natural expression of emotions and feelings, asking others for support.

The article analyzes different scientific foreign and Russian approaches which state the importance of basic unconscious roles that define cultural behavioral stereotypes. Scientists believe that deeper behavioral stereotypes are used to create an individual value system and personal attitudes. Authors propose a new way of diagnosing and counseling of deviant behavior by actualizing unconscious role mechanisms. The article presents results of diagnostics and counseling of a teenager with negative behavior in interpersonal relations field. Authors suppose that deeper unconscious representations of individuals that result from their cultural and historical experience become a stereotype of interpersonal role behavior. These roles are presented as deep patterns which differ by gender, age and mythological motive aspects.

Having briefly exposed some discrepant data of previous independent research into links between developmental (congenital) synaesthesia and other individual differences in personality and cognition, the authors present the results of their own empirical study of psychological boundaries in synaesthetes. Psychological boundaries are measured with E. Hartmann’s inventory and conceptualized as a dimension that cumulatively reflects the degree of ease of functional transition ("transparency") between various psychological process, states, etc. The study contrastingly involved people with synaesthesia and those without the condition (N = 102) and revealed a significant positive correlation between synaesthesia and greater transparency of psychological boundaries. We conclude by applying the results to straighten the controversial interpretations of previously received data regarding synaesthesia-related differential traits, which specifies the psychological status of synaesthesia in a systems approach to understanding the human mind.

The purpose of research is to establish K. Horney’s views on psychological problems, by means of theoretical analysis of literature. The term "psychological problem" is not mentioned by Karen Horney, however, she describes emotional, cognitive and behavioral problems of individual components of personality, which allows us to treat the problems as psychological. Emotional, cognitive and behavioral problems are interrelated components that allow us to speak about the specific structure of psychological problems. According to Karen Horney, problems appear due to socio-cultural conditions that create stressful situations for the person (or their environment), their processing depends on the personal characteristics, and in some cases leads to neurosis or psychological problems. Neurosis emerges in the setting of psychological problems and a failed attempt to adapt to them; neurosis can be regarded as a secondary problem on the background of the primary psychological problem. Karen Horney identifies personal problems, problems of work activity, relationship problems and problems associated with the aim. Social issues, particularly the problem of work activity or relationship problems, can occur secondary and result from personal problems. The results obtained show that, in spite of the fact that Karen Horney’s studies did not focus on psychological problems, by comparing problems with a neurosis, she refers to certain types of psychological problems, their causes, mechanisms of occurrence, structure, implications which allows one to highlight the psychological problems as a separate psychological category. The results are expanding the understanding of the matter and may be useful in practical psychology when dealing with clients.

The article provides an overview of the philosophical-psychological conceptions of the phenomenon of ownership. The formation of ideas about property and attitudes are affected by the socio-economic conditions of social development. One can highlight several key ideas that are characteristic for a certain stage of the development of society. The issue of property in Ancient Greece acquires the character of reasoning about the relationship between private and public interests, morals and property, as well as the role of the legislature in dealing with conflict situations, consideration of natural sources and prerequisites for the formation of the phenomenon of ownership, the relationship between natural and unnatural origins of relationship to the property. The philosophy of the Middle Ages examines the problem of the relation between the divine and the earthly, the place of property in the process of interaction "Man-God". Social utopias were characteristic of the Renaissance. A change in the political and socio-economic structure ofEuropeled to the understanding of social inequality. The tension created by inequality, could be released by viewing society and polity as a determinant of the development of negative personality traits (anger, theft, greed, etc.). Utopian "worlds" were the result of a desire to change the real power in society. However, property is not denied, but only goes into collective and personal use. Russian philosophy considers the phenomenon of property from the point of view of the “individual – God” interaction. Private property contributes to the activity of the individual, developing their knowledge and skills through work. Property is divine, and man disposes of it, not owns. Without its spiritual meaning property becomes a means of violating social stability. The main purpose of ownership is to serve the society. The state plays the role of a controller of personal selfish needs of a man.

The scope of the research is represented by the spatial images expressed by means of comparisons-likenings in L. N. Gumilyov’s ethnographic discourse and N. S. Gumilyov’s poetry. The choice of subject is motivated by the common interests of the father and the son, their mutual love for actual and mental travel, for ancient history ofEurasia. The aim of the research is to define similarity and distinction in the use of comparisonslikenings with spatial semantics in L. N. Gumilyov's monographies and N. S. Gumilyov's poems, to present stylistic features of the ethnographer’s discourse. The following general scientific methods are used: observations; classifications; comparisons and the subsequent interpretation of the collected actual material; the communicatively-pragmatical approach to language of the text together with contextual and component-sememic analysis (in part). The article summarizes material on the nature of comparison, its modes of expression, its structure in the simple sentence. The likening-comparison is represented as a leading constant of the functionalsemantic field of comparativity. Several types of comparative images of space have been singled out both in L. N. Gumilyov’s ethnographic discourse and N. S. Gumilyov’s poetry; their similarities and differences have been described. The peculiarities of the individual style of the ethnographer in his use of metaphorical combinations are revealed. Types of comparisons in relation to the reader's perception, connected with the effect of recognition, novelty, unexpectedness are defined, which makes it possible to reveal the connection of scientific narrative with art. The article adds to the understanding of L. N. Gumilyov’s language personality. Conclusions. The figurative comparison, reflecting the concept of space (and its parts) in L. N. Gumilyov's ethnographic works and N. S. Gumilyov's poetry, corresponds with the following three types of reader's perception: the effects of recognition / novelty / unexpectedness. This observation has revealed the certain features of the use of comparisons in the Gumilyovs’ language in their work. The article can be used at special courses and special seminars, devoted to functionalsemantic fields, general and art stylistics, communicative – pragmatical approach to the language of texts of different styles.

The given article features localizers of the prosecutive-comparative case in the Khakass language. The prosecutive-comparative case in the Khakass language, as well as in some other Turkic languages of Southern Siberia, has the meaning of lengthwise direction, a line. The given value is not expressed by any specialized grammatical form for the majority of Turkic languages, which makes its study important. The localizer is an important component of the analysis when functions and semantics of spatial cases are described. The article is aimed at revealing the structure of the localizers expressed by names or a combination of names which are used in the prosecutive-comparative case in the Khakass language. The analysis of the structure of such localizers shows that the space is characterized, basically, by two types: the extended space having some extent ("natural" space: ойым чир ‘a valley’, суғ ‘а river’, хас ‘coast’ and "artificial" space: орам ‘street’, чол ‘road, a way, a line’, тимiр чол ‘the railway’, саарсых азах чол ‘a footpath’, etc.) and a big space, with an extensive area (тайға ‘a taiga’, талай ‘ the sea ’, чазы ‘steppe’, etc.). Thus, the prosecutive-comparative case in the Khakass language expresses relations not only as lines or lengthwise directions, but also as a general place of movement.

The submitted paper acts as a presentation of the second issue of ‘Kuzbass Peasantry Speaking’ – a collection of monologues devised by Siberian local countryside dwellers. The collection has recently been published (January, 2016) and includes the results of a fifty-year-long research aimed at recording and cameral processing of dialect speech. The recorded monologues reflect the specific local peculiarities of phonetics, lexis, and grammar, as well as the diverse complexity of Siberian dwellers’ being and living. A close attention is paid to the topics of war and work. The research is aimed at a) examination of predominant topical elements within this or that monologue; b) linguistic and cultural markers able to structure the collective image of an average Siberian countryside dweller. The main methods employed by the authors involve the linguistic personality depiction; historical and cultural commentary; the general scientific methods of continuous observation and factual description. Conclusion. The chief characteristic features of the book involve topical dominants, gender factor significance, emotive links, absence of direct evaluation, and hypertextuality. Significance. The monologues included into the present collection can serve as a source base for further pieces of research on Russian dialect studies [2; 6; 8] (e. g., dialect syntax and theory of dialect personality) or on regional studies in general.

The article is dedicated to the comparative analysis of African American slave narratives written by women. The objective of the research is the issues of identity formation. To achieve this objective the following methods were used: contrastive-comparative method of stylistic analysis, motive analysis, biographical method. The interpretation of the texts under consideration enables us to come to the conclusion that the identity formation of the female personages of these texts occurs under the influence of their families and the cultural legacy of the whole community, the considered women writers pay special attention to the means of struggle of black women slaves for human dignity.

The article is about the influence of the “roman-feuilleton” on the novel “The Idiot” by F. M. Dostoyevsky. The article features a number of selected heroes (Nastasiya Filippovna and prince Myshkin) and situations which have analogues with the novel “Les mysteres de Paris” by Eugene Sue and the genre of “romanfeuilleton” (for example, repeated scandals, which are very important for the story, coincidences, parentlessness of the main heroes, love triangles, numerous dramatic scenes and storylines). Also, the author of the article analyzes the genesis of the feuilleton motifs and the varieties that were left by Dostoyevsky as plans and drafts only.

With digital technology, reading and writing manifest themselves as being extensively multi-sensory activity entailing perceptual, cognitive and motor interactions with digital text. The paper studies a cognitive model of an electronic hypertext, according to which the connectivity between documents has proven to play an important role in determining the communicative and cognitive activity of a certain user in it. For the analysis we collected RuNet links with high citation index and built the Corpus (2242 samples). We analyzed the links and found out that in most cases (>45 %) the topic of the document becomes the object of the author's reception. Links form a semantic network around the document and realize the bidirectional associative connection with the topic. We found out that besides the topic of the document, genre, tone of communication, spatio-temporal relationships in the structure of the electronic hypertext may also be the objects of the author's reception.

This article analyzes the role of external borrowings of the Russian Empire in the financing of railway construction in the Siberian region. In the context of the elimination of the State Railway Foundation, the Russian government at the initial stage of this process directed at the construction of the railroad Yekaterinburg-Tyumen a part of the proceeds of the VIIth Consolidated Railway Loan, which was placed not only on the Russian stock market, but also inGermanyand theNetherlands. The loan was implemented quite successfully, but the contemporary Russian Minister of Finance N. H. Bunge was criticized for issuing high-yield loan abroad. Since the beginning of the 1890-s, when the financing of the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway was discussed, foreign investors offered their services, but after S. Y. Witte had joined the Ministry of Finance, priority was given to internal, governmental sources of financing. Thus, the Russian government consolidated the Siberian region as an integral part of the Empire, the entire political elite of the country being interested in its development.

The paper is devoted to the depiction of deer in the decoration of Tagar weapons. Such images are not numerous, much fewer than the deer images on other types of Tagar inventory. However, in terms of expression and diversity the deer images in the decoration of Tagar weapons are not inferior and even superior to those in other extant categories of items. The paper presents the experience of systematizing animal style decoration of Tagar weapons based on such features as the type of weapon, animal posture and image style. The authors revealed the stylistic traditions of images dating back to Arjan-Mayemir traditions, images on deer stones of the Sayan-Altai and Mongolian-Trans-Baikal type, as well as the impact of the Scythian art from Tuva and Altai. Styles of deer depiction in knife decoration were correlated with blade types. It was possible to determine that some of the images with depictive signs of the early Scythian tradition were performed on items related to the later stages of Tagar culture, indicating the duration of the early Scythian traditions along with new versions of images.

The article deals with the evaluation of the political institutions in early medievalCentral Asia. The existing approaches to defining the governing systems of the imperial nomad unions focus on the concepts "chiefdom" and "state", but in both cases researchers have to state an absence of total compliance of the nomadic empires' governing structures to the classical attributes of chiefdom and state, thus constantly making reservations, which blur these concepts. The purpose of the work is to consider the possibility of solving this problem by using a broader "net" of terms determining different political systems and stages in their development in relation to early medieval nomadic empires. The methodological base of the article is the modern conceptions of multilinearity and diversity of the political genesis. The research has resulted in determination of a range of concepts which could better reflect the specificity of political institutions of different nomadic empires or make this evaluation more neutral but providing a clearer understanding of the complexity level of the political organization. 

Migration is the overriding factor of formation of the population of reclaimed territories and a significant factor in urban population development. In the second half of the XX^th century the active migrations directed from the west to the east and back and from the village to the city were detected. In Krasnoyarsky Krai inflow of migrants was one of the biggest in the country, however, the number of those leaving the city was almost as high as the number of those arriving, which formed a negative attitude to migration as the cause of lumpenization of urban environment. The thesis proved in the article is migrations have become a source of urban development and defined urban social environment. Despite the migration flows on the territory of the region had a transit character, a certain part of migrants settled in the cities and became permanent residents. Although natives from the Siberian villages were the most numerous group, it was migrants from the European part of Russia who defined the quality of the population. Small non industrial towns lost their population as well as villages. The low level of urban amenities provision together with the growing demands of the population who already adopted urban way of life caused the migration outflow of in 1970s and 1980s which could not be compensated by migration inflow from the countryside.

For almost half a century, this collective monograph was the only scientific publication dedicated to the history of Kuzbass. However, accumulated new factual material, together with a significant expansion of the historiographical and source base, requires the preparation of a new monograph. The article states the urgency of the problem, features a source and historiography analysis, settles territorial and chronological framework. The author introduces modern methodological guidelines for the preparation of a new «History of Kuzbass». It should rely on a wide range of sources, its material must be set out precisely and specifically, its main object of study should be society and people; the analysis of previously closed issues (such as self-government, administrative division, activities of religious affiliations, relations between Russian and indigenous populations) should be made significant. Particular attention in the preparation of the new monograph should be given to the formation of the mentality and the conditions of life of the population residing in theterritory o fKuzbass.

 

The article analyzes the creative biography of E. E. Zamyslovsky, his main research directions (the history of Russia of the XVIIth century and historical geography) are defined. The article features interesting and insufficiently explored directions of his scientific research and teaching. The article introduces us to E. E. Zamyslovsky’s methods and techniques of work with a historical source. In particular, the emphasis is put on profound knowledge of the historical sources on the subject of the research a historian should possess. Special attention is given to identifying of E. E. Zamyslovsky’s place in the range of the largest Russian historians, the representatives of St. Petersburg’s historical school.

During the existence of theSoviet Unionthe influence of Islam on politics was minimized. In Soviet times, Islam in the Central Asian republics felt some oppression until the late 1950s. It was due to constant persecution and anti-religious propaganda within the framework of the Soviet policy of atheism. After Khrushchev's thaw there began a reverse process of gradual release of Islam from the underground, which culminated in the era of perestroika and glasnost. The weakening of the central government and the struggle of the foreign forces against theUSSRinstigated the development of radical Islamism in the region. This period was characterized by the revival, politicization and radicalization of Islam. 

The article discusses the formation of the Fortress on the Irtysh boundary line of fortifications and introduction toSiberiaregular army units. It introduces a detailed study of the movement of military forces to the region and their redeployment to the south ofWestern Siberia. This process is presented in the context of the actions of the Russian administration aimed at building a single line of fortifications inSiberia. These events were largely related to the complication of the geopolitical situation on the Dzungar-Russian state border in connection with the development of mining and metallurgical industry in the Altai. The article examines the contribution to the formation of the border fortifications inWestern Siberiaby the Governor of Orenburg krai Ivan Neplyuev, Governor of Siberia Alexander Sukharev and the first commander of the Siberian Corps general H. Kindermann. On the basis of materials of central and regional archives the author covers the issues of mapping of the planned and actually built fortifications on theIrtyshline; the article states the number of weapons in the outposts and fortresses in the middle of 1740s.

The article presents a brief history of the formation of cartographic sources which make the atlases of the Tobolsk cartographer S. U. Remezov, as well as the circumstances of the creation of the atlases themselves. Based on the analysis of three atlases and General maps ofSiberiakept in the Hermitage collection, the authors define the habitats of the peoples of the Kuznetsk district, which paid tribute to the Russian Tsar, and the neighboring Turkic peoples, who were not Russian tributaries. The geographic mapping of yasak townships and resettlement of tax-paying people in the middlebasinofUpper Obare discussed here in detail. The article features the geography of the tributaries in theUpper Obregion. The authors give a complex picture of the distribution of influences between two neighboring states –Russiaand Oyratia. The results of the study are reflected on a specially compiled historical map. The map includes a complete list of the Turkic and Mongolian peoples of theUpper Ob, whose habitats are marked on the drawings created or copied by Semyon Remezov in late XVII – early XVIII centuries.

In recent decades the direction of the domestic historical science exploring the anthropological content of the Great Patriotic War is actively developing. In this regard ego-documents come into the view of scientists – memories (memoirs), diaries and letters. The purpose of this article is to identify the representativeness of letters from the front for the anthropological study of the content of the Great Patriotic War. The investigation of the letters from the front was made on the basis of formulary analysis, which represents an epistolary text as a system of interrelated elements. The author concludes that the researchers' reference to epistolary sources makes it possible to illuminate the little-known aspects of the Great Patriotic War, to see events through the eyes of their direct witnesses and participants. However, it is pointed out that a full study of the anthropological content of the war is possible only with the integrated use of all types of documents of personal origin.

In aim of the article is to show the policy of the government of Peter the Great in modernization of natural and economic resources of Derbent and its district. On the basis of the analysis of written and literary references the main actions for the development and modernization of the natural and economic resources of the Derbent region ofDagestanare studied. Plans for reconstruction of Derbent trade harbor in view of its important economic and strategic importance had a more large-scale and consecutive character. The research shows that former trade value of the city was restored, it became involved in the Russian east trade on the west bank of theCaspian Sea. Besides, as a result of complex measures, the economy of Caspian Dagestan and Derbent in particular received a new impulse for development, separate perspective branches of economy (wine growing, saffron and oil production) were improved with the consideration of the last achievements, including foreign. Many efforts in this aspect were made directly by Peter I, who was interested in the development of domestic production of wine, oil, spices, wool.

A comprehensive objective scientific understanding of political processes and changes in the multinational Russian state at the present stage is impossible without reference to the historical experience and the analysis of its national and regional components. In this context, the economic, social, cultural and political development of Dagestan in the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941 – 1945) deserves special attention of social scientists. The article traced the adjustments to the design and organization of the work of public authorities and management in Dagestan that started at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The article features Dagestani mobilization of military age people, the main directions of the political work among the population of the republic in the new extreme conditions aimed at the mobilization of material resources, spiritual and moral potential of the peoples of the region in order to achieve a speedy defeat of the enemy. The author comes to the reasonable conclusion that the efforts of the authorities, the selfless labor of workers in towns and villages, purposeful political work in a multinational region in time of war, as well as all over the country, helped repel the aggression and achieve victory over Nazi Germany.

The article analyzes, as well as gives the definition to archaeoanthropological reconstruction as a method of research, the results of which are used in archeology, history, anthropology, ethnography. Three main levels of arhaeo-antropological reconstruction are characterized: 1) reconstruction aimed at restoring anthropological features of materials received with the help of archeological procedures (skeleton, mummy, cremated remains); 2) reconstruction of events (whose chronological, biological, social, ethnic, cultural context individuals and remains discovered through archaeological excavation existed in); 3) identification of ethno-genetic, evolutionary, and other processes (paleoanthropological material being its part). The author identifies four stages of arhaeo-antropological reconstruction: 1) Isolation and description of paleoanthropological material; 2) Analysis of paleoanthropological material, which serves as basis for decoding; 3) Creating a reconstruction (model); 4) Historical and anthropological interpretation of the object. Each of the stages, depending on the purposes and research techniques, can be self-sufficient.

The authors see their task in creating an analytical procedure for historical and geographic images connected with a certain area. The concepts of Altai shaped by scientists and explorers serve as an example. One of the parameters required by such a procedure is "the location of the person in the social structure." This term refers to a large variety of factors related directly to the personality of the author of the source and his position in the society. To illustrate this option, the article analyzes the experience of numerous Altai travelers and scientists, with emphasis on positive reviews of mining and metallurgical area and its administration. It was found out that most characteristics of local orders and Cabinet officials in the end of the XIXth – beginning of the XXth century were negative, which still affects the objectivity of modern scientific research. The authors conclude that it is necessary to take into account different historical and geographical images, analyze the place of their creators in the social structure and not to allow images to replace scientific research.

The article deals with the problems of mutual relations between Siberian local state bodies system and public peasantry authorities’ places. In the a set of laws called «Sibirskoe Uchrezhdenie» the supreme authorities set up methods and forms of work relations between bodies and places and gave order of mutual correspondence. The author characterizes forms of mutual correspondence, based on archive documents. The author proves with examples that public peasantry authorities addressed local state bodies only in accordance with the formal procedure prescribed for them by the supreme authorities.

The article analyzes the design and operation of the portcullis blocking the corridor in the Bent Pyramid. It proves that the drawing of an activated portcullis demonstrated by D. Perring in 1939 is wrong. Egyptologists have been making references to the drawing for many years. The author concludes that a new type of portcullis was activated in the attempt of the robbers to enter the pyramid.