The paper presents a numerical model of the wavemaker of single surface waves. Numerical simulations were performed with boundary element method, the experimental data were obtained in the Laboratory of Hydrowave Equipment (Branch of OAO “26th Central Research Institute” (St. Petersburg)). The paper presents the results of comparing experimental and numerical modeling of the transformation of single waves on a flat slope. The resulting model of the wavemaker will be used to study the interaction between waves surface and onshore facilities with meshless numerical methods, as an alternative to costly laboratory experiments.

To investigate the three-phase queuing system with an unlimited number of devices and the input MAP-flow, the authors of the paper suggest using the method of sifted flow and the method asymptotic analysis in the face of increasing service time. Asymptotics of the first and second order were discovered.

The paper discusses the mechanisms of superionic conductivity caused by features of the crystal structure, electronic and vibrational spectra of some series of crystals with anion and cation conductivity. Special attention is paid to the symmetry of the sublattices, which differs from the crystal structure in the implementation of superionic transfer.

This paper discusses the criteria of condensed explosives ignition by short laser and electronic pulses. The influence of the light beam radius, the dependence of the absorption coefficient on the temperature, the multiple reflection of a light beam and melting are investigated. A comparison of the calculations with the experimental data is shown.

The paper present the description of gender stereotypes in the Russian linguistic picture of the world attributed to people with intelligence. At the modern stage, gender studies in linguistics demand investigation of the stability of the stereotypes of the past in the modern society.

The paper focuses on study of implementation of Leo Tolstoy’s doctrine in real life, with the history of Tolstoyan «Life and Labor» Commune as an example. In the early 20th century the Tolstoyan movement was rather widespread, however, the majority of the communes fell apart during the first years of the Soviet government. The «Life and Labor» Commune existed in the village of Talzhino, Kemerovo Oblast until 1939. The depth of the commune members’ belief in the truth of the writer’s ideas and their knowledge of Tolstoy’s works allowed the commune to survive in such a difficult time.

The measurements of the emission spectra of single RDX crystals in the predetonation mode when irradiated with an electron beam pulse (0.25 MeV, 20 ns, 40 J/cm2) at the temperatures of 80 K and 300 K are reported. At 300 K, a very narrow emission band with a maximum at 380 nm was revealed. With decreasing of the sample temperature to a shift in the maximum emission band form 380 nm at 300 K to 370 nm at 80 K was found.
The temperature dependence on the exciton luminescence bands of RDX in the predetonation mode was measured. An increase in the luminescence intensity with decreasing temperature of the sample at the wavelength of 370 nm was detected. At the wavelength of 460 nm, the temperature dependence of the luminescence intensity was not found.
When using the second harmonic of Nd: YAG laser (532 nm, 10 ns, 0.8 J), the possibility of initiating an explosion of PETN polycrystalline was revealed. The dependence of explosion probability on the energy density of the initiating pulse was measured. The critical energy density corresponding to 50 % probability PETN explosion is Hcr = 12.3 J/cm2. The authors assume that at samples initiation by the second harmonic of the laser, ionization of PETN molecules may go by the mechanism of two-photon absorption. The subsequent processes of explosive decomposition, apparently, proceed similarly as in the case of electron-beam exposure.

We describe and analyze the selective (resonance) laser-induced initiation of chemical decomposition reactions in PETN and propose a potential mechanism of the phenomenon. Based on our experiments, the photoinitiation of PETN is a two-stage process that is comprised of a laser-induced optical excitation of the molecule with the activation energy of 1.17 eV (1060 nm) by neodymium phosphate glass laser followed by the thermal decomposition of the excited state with the energy barrier of 0.4 eV. We also illustrate that the small efficiency of the optical absorption of PETN at this wave length can be enhanced by the MgO light scattering additives, which significantly increase the absorption due to multiple scattering incidents in PETN. The discovered resonance photoinitiation clearly demonstrates a strategy for designing tunable explosive material systems and identifies ways to control sensitivity of the materials to rapid decomposition.

With a range of physical methods, the parameters of the porous structure of coals: morphology and particle size, chemical and impurity composition, bottle density, ash level and specific surface area have been defined. Based on the thermoanalytical data results, thermal stability of coal samples has been determined. Oxygen-containing groups have been identified by spectroscopic method. The Аverage particle size of coal is about 5 – 10 microns. Our samples are low-ash coal, their ash level varies in the range from 2.4 to 12 mass percent. The correlation between the ash level of coal and thermal stability is marked.

The paper deals with the preparation of nanostructured metal-carbon composite metal nanoparticles by reduction of the iron subgroup (nickel), supported on a mesoporous carbon having a known pore size distribution. It is shown that the formation of metal on the carbon support in the reduction of nickel chloride with hydrazine in an alkaline environment is through the formation of intermediate nickel hydroxide. A method of nickel-carbon composites preparation by reduction of metal nanoparticles on the surface of the carbon support was developped.

The paper focuses on researching the reaction of liquid-phase oxidation of yellow phosphorus (P4) with oxygen and tetrachlormethane in soft conditions in water and butanolic solutions in the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts on the basis of copper (II) and the iron(III) acydocomplexes modified by fulvo-and gematomelanic acids to give phosphorus acids and phosphorus acids ethers. The purpose of the research is developing new effective homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts of P4 liquid-phase oxidation in water and butanolic solutions to receive valuable phosphoruscontaining compounds. Using the methods of kinetics, volumometric, redox-potentiometrics, IR-spectroscopy, titration and GS analysis, the kinetics, intermediate and final products were investigated, optimum conditions of reaction of P4 liquidphase oxidation with O2 and CCl4 in water and butanolic solutions have been defined. Catalytic effect of homogeneous and heterogeneous copper and iron acydocomplexes on the velocity of P4 oxidation by oxygen in water solutions to phosphorus acids and  phosphorus acids ethers was found. The studied processes were found to follow the oxidation-reduction mechanism and to consist of two key stages: Cu(II) and Fe(III) reduction by yellow phosphorus to Cu(0) and Fe(I) with formation of phosphorus acids and phosphorus acids ethers and Cu(I) oxidation to Cu(II) with Fe(II) occidation to Fe(III) by oxygen or tetrachlormethane. Yellow phosphorus was effectively oxidized mainly to tributylphosphites in butanol-toluene solutions of copper (II) acydocomplexes, and to dibutylphosphites in the presence of iron (III) chloride. The results of the research can serve as the basis for developing effective catalytic systems for new "non-chlorine" ecologically safe catalytic ways of receiving valuable organic and inorganic phosphorus-containing compounds. Thus, yellow phosphorus was found to be effectively oxidized with O2 and CCl4 in soft conditions in water and butanolic solutions of copper (II) and iron(III) acydocomplexes to give phosphorus acids and phosphorus acids ethers with high yields (80 – 100 %).

The features of synthesis and the properties of Fe-Co-Ni system nanosize powders obtained by reduction of Fe , Co and Ni chlorides water solutions at 80 – 90 ºC (i. e. at the conditions close to normal) were studied. The formation of the solid solution is proved, the areas of homogeneity at 80 ºC are determined. The schematic phase diagram for nanosize Fe-Co-Ni system as a whole is built in first approach. The shapes, size distributions and morphology of particles are determined. The nanosize powders of the Fe-Co-Ni system are shown to be peculiarly magnetically soft materials with a high level of saturation magnetization in rather low magnetic fields.

The features of synthesis and the properties of Fe-Co system nanosize powders obtained by reduction of Fe and Co water solutions of salt at 80-90 ºC (i.e. at the conditions close to normal) are investigated by the methods of wide-angle X-ray diffraction, element analysis, electronic microscopy. The magnetic characteristics of the product are considered. Dependence of magnetic properties and chemical compound of products is determined.

The paper focuses at researching the model reaction of sodium sulfite oxidation in soft conditions (T = 30 – 60o C, PO2 = 1 atm) in water solutions in the presence of copper (II) and iron (III) chlorides modified by humic acids to give sodium sulfate oxygen. The purpose of the research is developing new effective homogeneous catalysts of sodium sulfite liquid-phase oxidation in water solutions for purification of flue gases from sulfur dioxide. Using the methods of kinetics, volumometric, redox-potentiometry, IR-spectroscopy, gravimetry the kinetics, mechanism, intermediate and final products, optimum conditions, kinetic and activation parameters of the reaction of Na2SO3 liquid-phase oxidation in water solutions have been defined. Influence of the concentration of reagents (chloric copper, chloric iron, humic acid, yellow phosphorus) and temperature on the speed of reactions was studied. Catalytic effecty of copper and iron chlorides on the speed of sodium sulfite oxidation with oxygen in water solutions to get sodium sulfate was found. Optimum conditions  for  reaction  and  good  exit  of  sulfate  of  sodium  are  reached  at  60° C  at  the  molar  ratio  of  reagents [FeCl3]:[Na2SO3] = (0,1:1,0) and [CuCl2]:[Na2SO3]: [HHum] = (0,129:1,0:0,005). Kinetic and activation parameters were calculated. The studied processes proceeds were found to follow the oxidation-reduction mechanism and to consist of two key stages: Cu(II) and Fe(III) reduction with sodium sulfite to Cu(0) and Fe(I) with formation of sodium sulfate and Cu(I) oxidation to Cu(II) with Fe(II) oxidation to Fe(III) with oxygen. The results of the research can form a basis for developing effective catalytic systems for purification of flue gases from sulfur dioxide in the oil-processing and petrochemical  industry.  Thus,  sodium  sulfite  was  found  to  be  effectively  oxidized  with  oxygen  in  soft  conditions (T = 30 – 60o C PO2 = 0-1 atm) in water solutions of copper(II) and iron(III) chlorides to sodium sulfate with high yields (90 – 100 %).

The possibility of obtaining stable dispersions of carbon materials in organic solvents (benzene, toluene) and solutions of HRSR polydimethylsiloxane rubber with methods of mechanical and ultrasonic dispersion was studied. Stable uniform dispersion was received in solution of polydimethylsiloxane rubber using submersible ultrasonic disperser. The resulting dispersions in solvents are used for chemical functionalization, while dispersion in the HRS solution is used in production of modified polydimethylsiloxane films.

The photochemical reactions of anthraquinone and 2-ethylanthraquinone in the high molecular polydimethylsiloxane rubber SKT were studied by the method of luminescent spectroscopy. It was shown that in the absence of oxygen under ultraviolet light 9,10-anthrahydroquinones formed.

A vital objective of the coal thermal engineering is coal enrichment and upgrading its quality by increasing its reactivity. The increasing of chemical reactivity of coal is achieved by means of its mechanoactivated pulverization, though one of the problems is defining the chemical activity of the mechanically activated micropulverized coal. The paper presents a calculation and experimental method of defining the chemical activity of coal by the ignition temperature of the pulverized coal mixture. The «Plasma-coal» program is described and the calculation of the pulverized coal mixture obtained using the experimental device in the Laboratory #7.1 of the Institute of Technology of the Siberian Branch of the RAS is indicated. A comparison of the experimental and calculated data is also provided.

Nanostructured gold carbon composites have been obtained by reduction of HAuCl4  with hydrazine hydrate in pores of carbonic matrix. The size of gold particle was 15 – 40 nm according to XRD method.

A laboratory unit allowing investigation of the process of layered gasification of coal and carbon-containing materials in the wide range of technological parameters was developed. The description of its major components and nodes, experimental techniques and analysis of gasification products is applied. The data about investigation of the gasification process of different coal ranging are given.

Nanosized metal systems based on copper and the iron group metals are widely used as magnetic systems and catalysts. There are various methods of the nanomaterial preparation, but any of them requires the control of the abovementioned metals in the starting compounds, intermediate and final products of the synthesis. In this work the sample preparation and determination procedures were tested for the copper-nickel system by means of spectrophotometry method, for nickel on porous carbon – by means сomplexometric titration. The possibility of the individual voltammetric determination of the iron group metals using the graphite electrodes was investigated.

Thresholds of explosive degradation of PETN with different additives in the laser exposure were measured, with the additives being Al, Al-C, Ni, Co, «Kemerit ®», nanoparticles with different content  Al/Al2O3. The expansion ve- locity of the explosion products of certain materials was measured. Thresholds of explosive decomposition were meas- ured with regard of the initial temperature and the melted extruded samples of Ni-C and Al. In prersence of 0.1 % Al as additive, the sensitivity is shown to decrease, as compared to samples containing no additives. This allows us to consid- er this part of mixtures  a promising material for light detonators.

The article presents summarized results of the research project; its aim was the development of methodological; methodical; and organizational basis of sociological assessment of social policy effectiveness on regional and municipal levels . Relying on systematic approach; the authors gave definition of the social policy; regional and municipal social policies and some other terms; proposed the own variant of social policy structuring; list of guidelines according to which the relevant object was studied empirically. Complex approach of studying of social policy effectiveness is based on the system of statistical indicators and sociological methods that allow not only to characterize every social policy guideline but also to obtain integrated indices of these guidelines and of the social policy as a whole. Statistical material gathered in Russia; the Kemerovo region; municipal entities; and the results of the conducted sociological study gave opportunity to draw conclusions about positive and negative trends in implementation of social policy in the Kemerovo region and in one of the towns; as well as to prepare recommendations on social policy development.