Saccadic System in Visuo-Spatial Working Memory and Visual Attention
https://doi.org/10.21603/sibscript-2026-28-2-217-231
EDN: YXHHCF
Abstract
Working memory is a mechanism that maintains relevant information in an active, easily accessible state for mental analysis and behavioral control. While the cerebellum was long considered solely a motor center, its role in cognitive processes has only recently gained significant attention. There has been a lack of comprehensive research into the complex relationships between the theoretical construct of working memory, the functioning of visual attention, the anatomy of the saccadic system, and the specific role of the cerebellum in these processes. This analytical review examines neuroimaging, neuroanatomical, morphofunctional, and behavioral studies on the role of the saccadic system and the cerebellum in the neurophysiological support of visual attention and visuo-spatial working memory. The focus is on the anatomical pathways implementing complex sensorimotor processes through eye movements. Visual attention, working memory, and the cerebellum correlate as follows: attentional shifts precede saccades; the frontal eye fields and parietal cortex support spatial representations; brainstem generators provide phasic and tonic signals to the oculomotor muscles.
About the Author
Sofia A. Mironets
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology;
Russian Academy of Education
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Moscow
Scopus Author ID: 57446526800
Competing Interests:
The author declared no potential conflict of interests regarding the research, authorship, and / or publication of this article.
References
1. Arlakov E. A., Belimova P. A., Dzhumagulova A. F. Eye tracking as a tool for art perception research: A usability perspective. Kultura i tekhnologii, 2023, 8(1): 17–24. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/cjncli
2. Kubarko A. I., Kubarko J. A. A dynamics of an eye’s saccades and its mechanisms. Medical Journal, 2005, (3): 77–79. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/rsjuwd
3. Panfilova E. A., Aslanova M. S., Leonov S. V., Sukhochev P. Yu., Sedogin E. A., Polikanova I. S. The application of eye movement registration systems in the assessment of visuospatial memory in preschool children. National Psychological Journal, 2024, 19(4): 58–77. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.11621/npj.2024.0404
4. Persiantseva S. V., Adamovich T. V., Marakshina Yu. A., Ismatullina V. I. Research of working memory in learning: Traditional and innovative approaches. World of Science. Pedagogy and Psychology, 2024, (5). (In Russ.) URL: https://mir-nauki.com/103PSMN524.html (accessed 10 Jan 2026). https://elibrary.ru/uatyqb
5. Robin S. D., Kruzhkova O. V. Application of the eye tracking technology in psycho-pedagogical diagnostics of students with disabilities and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Special Education, 2024, (3): 53–67. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/ozgjym
6. Smirnova Ya. K. Eye tracking study of visual attention of children with hearing impairments in a learning situation. Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2023, 16(1): 4–22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2023160101
7. Tikhomirova T. N. Measuring visual-spatial working memory among schoolchildren: Accuracy, capacity, and efficiency in educational outcomes. Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2025, 18(4): 194–210. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2025180412
8. Utochkin I. S., Yurevich M. A., Bulatova M. E. Visual working memory: Methods, research, theories. Rossiiskii zhurnal kognitivnoi nauki, 2016, 3(3): 58–76. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/xzrpsx
9. Falikman M. V. Relationship between the development of cognitive and motor functions: Prerequisites for successful writing acquisition. Psychological Science and Education www.psyedu.ru, 2009, (1). (In Russ.) URL: https://psyjournals.ru/journals/psyedu/archive/2009_n1/psyedu_2009_n1_Falikman.pdf (accessed 10 Jan 2026). https://elibrary.ru/kizpid
10. Shulgovskiy V. V. Psychophysiology of human visuo-spatial attention. Sorosovskii obrazovatelnyi zhurnal, 2004, 8(1): 17–23. (In Russ.)
11. Shurupova M. A., Anisimov V. N., Latanov A. V., Kasatkin V. N. Features of eye movement disorders in patients with cerebellar lesions of different localization. I. P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald, 2016, 24(3): 154–163. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/wlyxnl
12. Shurupova M. A., Kasatkin V. N., Anisimov V. N., Latanov A. V. Influence of surgery-related cerebellar dysfunction on the saccadic system performance in children. Russian Journal of Physiology, 2020, 106(7): 866–879. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869813920070079
13. Acker L., Pino E. N., Boyden E. S., Desimone R. FEF inactivation with improved optogenetic methods. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113(146): E7297–E7306. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610784113
14. Allen K., Higgins S., Adams J. The relationship between visuospatial working memory and mathematical performance in school-aged children: A systematic review. Educational Psychology Review, 2019, 31: 509–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09470-8
15. Altemeier L. E., Abbott R. D., Berninger V. W. Executive functions for reading and writing in typical literacy development and dyslexia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 2008, 30(5): 588–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803390701562818
16. Anderson V. A., Anderson P., Northam E., Jacobs R., Catroppa C. Development of executive functions through late childhood and adolescence in an Australian sample. Developmental Neuropsychology, 2001, 20(1): 385–406. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn2001_5
17. Atkinson S. J., Martin C. R. Early detection of risk of reading difficulties using a working memory assessment battery. British Educational Research Journal, 2022, 48(6): 1183–1197. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.3821
18. Baddeley A. D. Short-term and working memory. The Oxford handbook of memory, eds. Tulving E., Craik F. I. M. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, 77–92.
19. Baddeley A. D., Hitch G. Working memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 1974, 8: 47–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1
20. Barak O., Tsodyks M. Working models of working memory. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2014, 25: 20–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2013.10.008
21. Beh S. C., Frohman T. C., Frohman E. M. Cerebellar control of eye movements. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2017, 37(1): 87–98. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNO.0000000000000456
22. Ben-Yehudah G., Guediche S., Fiez J. A. Cerebellar contributions to verbal working memory: Beyond cognitive theory. Cerebellum, 2007, 6(3): 193–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/14734220701286195
23. Brocki K. C., Bohlin G. Executive functions in children aged 6 to 13: A dimensional and developmental study. Developmental Neuropsychology, 2004, 26(2): 571–593. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn2602_3
24. Calvo M. G., Meseguer E. Eye movements and processing stages in reading: Relative contribution of visual, lexical, and contextual factors. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 2002, 5(1), 66–77. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600005849
25. Chen P. L., Machado L. Age-related deficits in voluntary control over saccadic eye movements: Consideration of electrical brain stimulation as a therapeutic strategy. Neurobiology of Aging, 2016, 41: 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.02.010
26. Chen S. H. A., Desmond J. E. Cerebrocerebellar networks during articulatory rehearsal and verbal working memory tasks. NeuroImage, 2005, 24(2): 332–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.032
27. Clark K. L., Noudoost B., Moore T. Persistent spatial information in the frontal eye field during object-based short-term memory. Journal of Neuroscience, 2012, 32: 10907–10914. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1450-12.2012
28. Clark S. V., Semmel E. S., Aleksonis H. A., Steinberg S. N., King T. Z. Cerebellar-subcortical-cortical systems as modulators of cognitive functions. Neuropsychology Review, 2021, 31(3): 422–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09465-1
29. Deubel H. The time course of presaccadic attention shifts. Psychological Research, 2008, 72(6): 630–640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-008-0165-3
30. Deubel H., Schneider W. X. Saccade target selection and object recognition: Evidence for a common attentional mechanism. Vision Research, 1996, 36(12): 1827–1837. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(95)00294-4
31. Deviaterikova A., Kasatkin V., Malykh S. The role of the cerebellum in visual-spatial memory in pediatric posterior fossa tumor survivors. Cerebellum, 2024, 23(1): 197–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-023-01525-5
32. Diamond A. Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Child Development, 2000, 71(1): 44–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00117
33. Dias E. C., Segraves M. A. Muscimol-induced inactivation of monkey frontal eye field: Effects on visually and memory-guided saccades. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1999, 81(5): 2191–2214. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.5.2191
34. Ding J., Zhang Y., Liang P., Li X. Modulation of working memory capacity on predictive processing during language comprehension. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 2023, 38(8): 1133–1152. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/23273798.2023.2212819
35. Dubuc M.-M., Aubertin-Leheudre M., Karelis A. D. Relationship between interference control and working memory with academic performance in high school students: The Adolescent Student Academic Performance longitudinal study (ASAP). Journal of Adolescence, 2020, 80: 204–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.03.001
36. Ekstrom L. B., Roelfsema P. R., Arsenault J. T., Bonmassar G., Vanduffel W. Bottom-up dependent gating of frontal signals in early visual cortex. Science, 2008, 321(5887): 414–417. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1153276
37. Ester E. F., Sprague T. C., Serences J. T. Parietal and frontal cortex encode stimulus-specific mnemonic representations during visual working memory. Neuron, 2015, 87(4): 893–905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2015.07.013
38. Fastenrath M., Spalek K., Coynel D., Loos E., Milnik A., Egli T., Schicktanz N., Geissmann L., Roozendaal B., Papassotiropoulos A., de Quervain D. J.-F. Human cerebellum and corticocerebellar connections involved in emotional memory enhancement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022, 119(41). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2204900119
39. Feng X., Li L., Zhang M., Yang X., Tian M., Xie W., Lu Y., Liu L., Bélanger N. N., Meng X., Ding G. Dyslexic children show atypical cerebellar activation and cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity in orthographic and phonological processing. Cerebellum, 2017, 16(2): 496–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-016-0829-2
40. Fu Y., Guan C., Tam J., O'Donnell R. E., Shen M., Wyble B., Chen H. Attention with or without working memory: Mnemonic reselection of attended information. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2023, 27(12): 1111–1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2023.08.010
41. Gabay L., Miller P., Alia-Klein N., Lewin M. P. Circadian effects on attention and working memory in college students with attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms. Frontiers in Psychology, 2022, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.851502
42. Gurd J. M., Amunts K., Weiss P. H., Zafiris O., Zilles K., Marshall J. C., Fink G. R. Posterior parietal cortex is implicated in continuous switching between verbal fluency tasks: An fMRI study with clinical implications. Brain, 2002, 125(pt. 5): 1024–1038. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awf093
43. Hanning N. M., Deubel H. Independent effects of eye and hand movements on visual working memory. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 2018, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2018.00037
44. Hautzel H., Mottaghy F. M., Specht K., Müller H.-W., Krause B. J. Evidence of a modality-dependent role of the cerebellum in working memory? An fMRI study comparing verbal and abstract n-back tasks. NeuroImage, 2009, 47(4): 2073–2082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.06.005
45. Henson R. N., Burgess N., Frith C. D. Recoding, storage, rehearsal and grouping in verbal short-term memory: An fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 2000, 38(4): 426–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3932(99)00098-6
46. Hikosaka O., Takikawa Y., Kawagoe R. Role of the basal ganglia in the control of purposive saccadic eye movements. Physiological Reviews, 2000, 80(3): 953–978. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2000.80.3.953
47. Hollingworth A., Matsukura M., Luck S. J. Visual working memory modulates rapid eye movements to simple onset targets. Psychological Science, 2013, 24(5): 790–796.
48. Jaffe R. J., Constantinidis C. Working memory: From neural activity to the sentient mind. Comprehensive Physiology, 2021, 11(4): 2547–2587. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c210005
49. Jonikaitis D, Deubel H. Independent allocation of attention to eye and hand targets in coordinated eye-hand movements. Psychological Science, 2011, 22(3): 339–347. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610397666
50. Jonikaitis D., Klapetek A., Deubel H. Spatial attention during saccade decisions. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2017, 118(1): 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00665.2016
51. Jonikaitis D., Moore T. The interdependence of attention, working memory and gaze control: Behavior and neural circuitry. Current Opinion in Psychology, 2019, 29: 126–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.012
52. Jonikaitis D., Theeuwes J. Dissociating oculomotor contributions to spatial and feature-based selection. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2013, 110(7): 1525–1534. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00275.2013
53. Kakei S., Bostan A. C., Ebner T. J., Fakharian M. A., Gomi H., Guell X. et al. Consensus paper: Models of cerebellar functions. Cerebellum, 2026, 25(15). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-025-01939-3
54. Karthikeyan R., Carrizales J., Johnson C., Mehta R. K. A window into the tired brain: Neurophysiological dynamics of visuospatial working memory under fatigue. Human Factors, 2024, 66(2): 528–543. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208221094900
55. Kirchner W. K. Age differences in short-term retention of rapidly changing information. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1958, 55(4): 352–358. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043688
56. Koziol L. F., Budding D., Andreasen N., D’Arrigo S., Bulgheroni S., Imamizu H., Ito M., Manto M., Marvel C., Parker K., Pezzulo G., Ramnani N., Riva D., Schmahmann J., Vandervert L., Yamazaki T. Consensus paper: The cerebellum's role in movement and cognition. Cerebellum, 2014, 13(1): 151–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-013-0511-x
57. Kuo B.-C., Stokes M. G., Murray A. M., Nobre A. C. Attention biases visual activity in visual short-term memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2014, 26(7): 1377–1389. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00577
58. Leigh R. J., Kennard C. Using saccades as a research tool in the clinical neurosciences. Brain, 2004, 127(3): 460–477. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh035
59. Li Y., Fu W., Zhang Q., Chen X., Li X., Du B., Deng X., Ji F., Dong Q., Jaeggi S. M., Chen C., Li J. Effects of forward and backward span trainings on working memory: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Psychophysiology, 2023, 60(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14154
60. Lurito J. T., Kareken D. A., Lowe M. J., Chen S. H., Mathews V. P. Comparison of rhyming and word generation with FMRI. Human Brain Mapping, 2000, 10(3): 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0193(200007)10:3%3C99::AID-HBM10%3E3.0.CO;2-Q
61. Mahon A., Clarke A. D. F., Hunt A. R. The role of attention in eye-movement awareness. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 2018, 80(7): 1691–1704. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-018-1553-4
62. Markanday A., Inoue J., Dicke P. W., Thier P. Cerebellar complex spikes multiplex complementary behavioral information. PLoS Biology, 2021, 19(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001400
63. McDermott K. B., Petersen S. E., Watson J. M., Ojemann J. G. A procedure for identifying regions preferentially activated by attention to semantic and phonological relations using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropsychologia, 2003, 41(3): 293–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00162-8
64. Miller E. K., Lundqvist M., Bastos A. M. Working Memory 2.0. Neuron, 2018, 100(2): 463–475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.023
65. Mishkin M., Ungerleider L. G., Macko K. A. Object vision and spatial vision: Two cortical pathways. Trends in Neurosciences, 1983, 6(10): 414–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(83)90190-X
66. Miyake A., Friedman N. P. The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: Four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2012, 21(1): 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411429458
67. Mock J., Huber S., Klein E., Moeller K. Insights into numerical cognition: Considering eye-fixations in number processing and arithmetic. Psychological Research, 2016, 80(3), 334–359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0739-9
68. Monette S., Bigras M., Guay M.-C. The role of the executive functions in school achievement at the end of Grade 1. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011, 109(2): 158–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2011.01.008
69. Moore T., Armstrong K. M. Selective gating of visual signals by microstimulation of frontal cortex. Nature, 2003, 421(6921): 370–373. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01341
70. Nayfeld I., Fuccillo J., Greenfield D. B. Executive functions in early learning: Extending the relationship between executive functions and school readiness to science. Learning and Individual Differences, 2013, 26: 81–88. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.lindif.2013.04.011
71. Ohl S., Rolfs M. Saccadic eye movements impose a natural bottleneck on visual short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017, 43(5): 736–748. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000338
72. Ojemann J. G., Buckner R. L., Akbudak E., Snyder A. Z., Ollinger J. M., McKinstry R. C., Rosen B. R., Petersen S. E., Raichle M. E., Conturo T. E. Functional MRI studies of word-stem completion: Reliability across laboratories and comparison to blood flow imaging with PET. Human Brain Mapping, 1998, 6(4): 203–215. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0193(1998)6:4%3C203::aid-hbm2%3E3.0.co;2-7
73. Pannasch S., Helmert J. R., Roth K., Herbold A.-K., Walter H. Visual fixation durations and saccade amplitudes: Shifting relationship in a variety of conditions. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 2008, 2(2): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.2.2.4
74. Parr T., Friston K. J. The active construction of the visual world. Neuropsychologia, 2017a, 104: 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.08.003
75. Parr T., Friston K. J. Working memory, attention, and salience in active inference. Scientific Reports, 2017b, 7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15249-0
76. Peltsch A., Hemraj A., Garcia A., Munoz D. P. Age-related trends in saccade characteristics among the elderly. Neurobiology of Aging, 2011, 32(4):669–679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.04.001
77. Petersen S. E., Fox P. T., Posner M. I., Mintun M., Raichle M. E. Positron emission tomographic studies of the processing of single words. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1989, 1(2): 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1989.1.2.153
78. Peterson M. S., Kelly S. P., Blumberg E. J. Saccadic eye movements smear spatial working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2019, 45(2): 255–263. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000596
79. Pollmann S., Schneider W. X. Working memory and active sampling of the environment: Medial temporal contributions. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 2022, 187: 339–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823493-8.00029-8
80. Puntiroli M., Kerzel D., Born S. Perceptual enhancement prior to intended and involuntary saccades. Journal of Vision, 2015, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1167/15.4.2
81. Quaia C., Lefèvre P., Optican L. M. Model of the control of saccades by superior colliculus and cerebellum. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1999, 82(2): 999–1018. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.999
82. Rolfs M., Carrasco M. Rapid simultaneous enhancement of visual sensitivity and perceived contrast during saccade preparation. Journal of Neuroscience, 2012, 32(40): 13744–13752. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2676-12.2012
83. Sadus K., Schubert A. L., Löffler C., Hemming W., Hagemann D. Neurophysiological signature of working memory updating during encoding. Cortex, 2026, 194: 191–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.11.013
84. Shurupova M., Deviaterikova A., Latanov A., Kasatkin V. Interaction between oculomotor impairments, voluntary attention and working memory disorders in children with cerebellar tumors. Advances in Cognitive Research, Artificial Intelligence and Neuroinformatics: Intercognsci 2020, eds. Velichkovsky B. M., Balaban P. M., Ushakov V. L. Cham: Springer, 2021, vol. 1358, 547–553. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71637-0_63
85. Shurupova M. A., Latanov A. V. Oculomotor impairments in children after posterior fossa tumors treatment. Cerebellum, 2024, 23(2): 444–454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-023-01553-1
86. Skrzypulec B., Chuderski A. Nonlinear effects of spatial connectedness implicate hierarchically structured representations in visual working memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 2020, 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104124
87. Sprague T. C., Ester E. F., Serences J. T. Reconstructions of information in visual spatial working memory degrade with memory load. Current Biology, 2014, 24(18): 2174–2180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.07.066
88. St Clair-Thompson H. L., Gathercole S. E. Executive functions and achievements in school: Shifting, updating, inhibition, and working memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 2006, 59(4): 745–759. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210500162854
89. Stein H. Why does the neocortex need the cerebellum for working memory? Journal of Neuroscience, 2021, 41(30): 6368–6370. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0701-21.2021
90. Stoodley C. J., Schmahmann J. D. The cerebellum and language: Evidence from patients with cerebellar degeneration. Brain and Language, 2009, 110(3): 149–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2009.07.006
91. Szinte M., Carrasco M., Cavanagh P., Rolfs M. Attentional trade-offs maintain the tracking of moving objects across saccades. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2015, 113(7): 2220–2231. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00966.2014
92. Tan J. B., Orlando I. F., Whyte C., Bryant A. G., Munn B. R., Baracchini G., King M., O’Callaghan C., Müller E. J., Shine J. M. Cerebellar and subcortical contributions to working memory manipulation. Communications Biology, 2025, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08467-0
93. Thommesen K. K., Damgaard V., Mariegaard J., Jespersen A. E., Ysbæk-Nielsen A. T., Mikkelsen C., Didriksen M., Ostrowski S. R., Jørgensen M. B., Macoveanu J., Miskowiak K. W. Neural underpinnings of memory encoding and retrieval: Validation of a novel ecologically valid fMRI paradigm. Neuroscience Applied, 2024, 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104084
94. Unsworth N., Engle R. W. The nature of individual differences in working memory capacity: Active maintenance in primary memory and controlled search from secondary memory. Psychological Review, 2007, 114(1): 104–132. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.104
95. Vandervert L. R. Working memory, the cognitive functions of the cerebellum and the child prodigy. International Handbook on Giftedness, ed. Shavinina L. V. Springer, Dordrecht, 2009, 295–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6162-2_13
96. Velichkovsky B. M., Joos M., Helmert J. R., Pannasch S. Two visual systems and their eye movements: Evidence from static and dynamic scene perception. Proceedings of the XXVII annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society, eds. Bara B. G., Barsalou L., Bucciarelli M. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum 2005, 2283–2288.
97. Waitzman D. M. Oculomotor systems and control. Conn’s Translational Neuroscience, ed. Michael Conn P. Academic Press, 2017, 439–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802381-5.00032-4
98. Walcher S., Korda Ž., Körner C., Benedek M. How workload and availability of spatial reference shape eye movement coupling in visuospatial working memory. Cognition, 2024, 249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105815
99. Wang X., Liu Z., Zhang H., Ji C. Effects of high-intensity interval training on executive functions in college students: Evidence from different doses. Brain Sciences, 2023, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13040571
100. Wu N., Chen Y., Yang J., Li F. Childhood obesity and academic performance: The role of working memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 2017, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00611
101. Yeung M. K., Lee T. L., Chan A. S. Negative mood is associated with decreased prefrontal cortex functioning during working memory in young adults. Psychophysiology, 2021, 58(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13802
102. Yüce A. E. Cost of being online for brain: Changing working memory attributes, associated metacognitive knowledge and long-term memory processing. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2025, 17(1): 166–178. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.18863/pgy.1433144
103. Živković M., Pellizzoni S., Mammarella I. C., Passolunghi M. C. The relationship between math anxiety and arithmetic reasoning: The mediating role of working memory and self-competence. Current Psychology, 2023, 42(17): 14506–14516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02765-0
Review
For citations:
Mironets S.A. Saccadic System in Visuo-Spatial Working Memory and Visual Attention. SibScript. 2026;28(2):217-231. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21603/sibscript-2026-28-2-217-231. EDN: YXHHCF
Views:
102
JATS XML
Email this article 