Academic Personnel Training in Postgraduate Education in Krasnoyarsk Region in 1949–1988

Science and education are especially important in the post-industrial society. Past experience makes it possible to develop these spheres. In the second half of the XX century, the Krasnoyarsk Region was undergoing a double transition. On the one hand, it was experiencing industrial modernization; on the other hand, it was turning from a resource region into a developed semi-peripheral region. Both transitions required a local system of academic personnel training. This article reconstructs the development of the postgraduate training system in the Krasnoyarsk Region in 1949–1988, from the first to the last postgraduate cohort in the Soviet Russia. Until 1949, the Krasnoyarsk Region had no postgraduate education of its own. Methodologically, the research relied on the symbiosis of an adapted world-system approach and modernization theory, which made it possible to analyze the quantitative changes in the local postgraduate education over a forty-year period as part of the regional development. The early 1950s saw new universities and scientific institutions with their own programs for training senior research personnel. The economic profile of the Krasnoyarsk Region required a sharp increase in scientific personnel to implement the industrialization and ensure the transition to intensive development. Between 1949 and the late 1960s, the number of postgraduate students in the region grew by 9,000%, after which the enrollment and graduation rates reached plateau. The curricula were changing as well, and the number of specialties was increasing. The areas of training and their proportions depended on the economic development plans. The number of graduate students peaked when the new industrial base was completed. The region turned from a periphery into a semi-periphery of the Soviet economy. The postgraduate education in the Krasnoyarsk Region reflected its economic profile in the period under study. Exact and natural sciences had the largest share: more than a third of all postgraduate students were trained in technical specialties, followed by physics, mathematics, and agricultural sciences. Their numbers continued to grow until the end of the 1960s, after which they gave leadership to social sciences, thus reflecting the changes in the local economic and social development.

1. Braudel F. Material civilisation, economy and capitalism, XV–XVIII centuries. Moscow: Alma-Mater, 2023, 2258. (In Russ.)

2. Dorzhu Z. Yu. About training of historians of the top skills at the Tuvan State University. Vestnik Tuvinskogo gos. universiteta. No. 1. Sotsialnye i gumanitarnye nauki, 2014, (1): 19–25. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/rzcirz

3. Ilinykh V. A., Rynkov V. M., Andreenkov S. N., Orlov D. S., Belyanin D. N., Mazur L. N., Karpunina I. B., Melentyeva A. P. Projects for the transformation of the agrarian system in Siberia in the twentieth century: The choice of ways and methods of modernization. Novosibirsk: Sibprint, 2015, 298. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/uajudh

4. Kabytov P. S., Leontieva O. B. Training of scientists with higher qualifications in historical sciences at Samara University. Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology, 2019, 25(4): 7–22. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2019-25-4-7-22

5. Karimov K. K. Scientific personnel training of Bashkortostan during the post-war years. Vestnik Akademii nauk Respubliki Bashkortostan, 2014, 19(1): 63–69. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/rybnkt

6. Kolokolnikova Z. U., Blintsova I. M., Staroverova M. V. The development of pedagogical education in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in 1935–1945. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniia, 2022a, (74-4): 106–109. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/erjnsb

7. Kolokolnikova Z. U., Staroverova M. V., Mosintsev D. D. Training of teachers in Siberia in the first post-war years (1945–1950). Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniia, 2022b, (74-4): 117–121. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/cmmzox

8. Martynov A. K. To the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute Postgraduate School. Uchenye zapiski TsAGI, 1983, 14(2): 138–140. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/nbpchv

9. Nagieva M. K. Revisiting of training of scientific personnel in Dagestan in 1950s: A gender aspect. Vestnik Majkopskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologiceskogo universiteta, 2022, 14(4): 60–67. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2022-14-4-60-67

10. Petrik V. V. The history of higher partdtime and distance education in Siberia (end of 50s – beginning of 90s of the 20th century). Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2005a, 308(4): 212–216. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/hrtwxl

11. Petrik V. V. Preparing scientific and pedagogical staff through postgraduate studies in higher educational institutions of Siberia in 1958–1991: history of the matter. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2005b, 308(2): 187–193. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/hpmzcd

12. Petrik V. V. The structure of the teaching staff of higher school in Siberia: Tendencies of development and regional medsurement (the end of the 50s – the beginning of the 90s of the XXth century). Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya, 2007, (1): 49–80. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/kdmxfl

13. Romanovskaya O. V. Legal regime of the state system of scientific attestation: Search for historical foundations. Nauka. Society. State, 2021, 9(2): 24–33. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21685/2307-9525-2021-9-2-3

14. Samorukova A. G., Petrov V. P. About the activity of postgraduate study in the Kola branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1945–1985. Transactions of the Kola Science Centre, 2013, (6): 96–108. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/samddn

15. Skvortsov A. M. Formation of Soviet postgraduate studies in history in USSR in 1930s: Legislative regulation and practice. Nauchnyi Dialog, 2021, (12): 444–460. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-12-444-460

16. Suleymanova R. N., Isyangulov Sh. N. Training the scientific personnel in Bashkiria in 1960–1980s. Nauchnyi Dialog, 2019, (8): 376–389. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2019-8-376-389

17. Terskova A. A. From the history of Krasnoyarsk State Trade and Economic Institute formation. Social-economic and humanitarian journal, 2019, (3): 104–113. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/peemgh

18. Terskova A. A. From the history of the foundadion of Krasnoyarsk State University. Socio-economic and humanitarian journal, 2020, (1): 126–133. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36718/2500-1825-2020-1-126-133

19. Fayurshin A. Z. Organization of research work in the Bashkir State Medical Institute during the Great Patriotic War. Bulletin of Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 2015, (3): 202–204. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/znoimr

20. Khaminov D. V. The training of historians in the period of "Perestroika": A new "Superstructure" on the old "Foundation" (on the example of higher education in Siberia). Novyj Istoriceskij Vestnik, 2019, (4): 36–54. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/comtjg

21. Khoroshenkova A. V. Post-graduate school activities on training the teaching staff of historians at universities of Lower Volga region in 1970–1980s. Nauka i shkola, 2014, (4): 103–106. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/szrwah

22. Tsekhovoy N. P. Postgraduate study as a way for higher school Sovietisation in late 1920s – early 1930s (by example of Tomsk State University). Tomsk State University Journal, 2011a, (351): 112–114. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/ohygan

23. Tsekhovoy N. P. Features of training of scientific brainpowers by the use of correspondence postgraduate study at Tomsk State University (1930s-80 years). Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya, 2011b, (3): 151–154. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/occuzv

24. Wallerstein I. The modern world-system I. Capitalist agriculture and the origins of the European world-economy in the sixteenth century. NY-San Francisco-London: Academic Press, 2011, 753.