ABOUT THE ROLE OF THE BIYSK FORTRESS IN THE RUSSIAN COLONIZATION PROCESS IN THE ALTAI IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XVIII CENTURY (TO THE 300TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ERECTION OF THE SECOND BIYSK STOCKADED TOWN
https://doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-4-13-23
Abstract
The article features the role of the Biysk Fortress in the Russian colonization process in the Altai reagion. The author revealed the place of the Fortress in the administrative and political process which took place in the Kuznetsk province and generally in the South of Western Siberia in the end of the XVII – the middle of the XVIII century. The research was based on unpublished documents from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. The research involved various problems of the stockaded town, i.e. the number of soldiers in the garrison and its supply organization, the identity of its clerks and their relations with Kuznetsk commanders and staff officers of regular military groups. The article shows that some decisions and actions of the county authorities had a negative influence on the defensive capacity of the fortress. The author identified four stages in the Biysk Fortress history of the first half of the XVIII century and recognizes the priority of the administrative and political development over the fortification building in the management discourse at the local level. The author also highlighted the combination of classical and hybrid strategies and the Biysk Fortress management practices. The given facts make it possible to take a fresh look at the mechanisms of the Russian colonization of the Altai and the southern regions of Western Siberia.
Keywords
Siberian stockaded towns,
Biysk fortress,
vaivodes,
clerks,
garrison of the stockaded town,
active forces,
Kuznetsk uyezd
Supporting agencies: The publication was prepared with the joint financial support of the Russian Federal Property Fund and the Government of the Altai Territory in the framework of the project No. 17-11-22006.
About the Author
D. S. Bobrov
Altai State University
Russian Federation
61, Lenina ave., Barnaul, Russia, 656049
Russian Federation
61, Lenina ave., Barnaul, Russia, 656049
References
1. Bulygin Iu. S. Pervye krestʹiane na Altae [First peasants in the Altai]. Barnaul: Alt. kn. izd-vo, 1974, 144.
2. Bulygin Iu. S. Vykhod russkikh k reke Bii i osnovanie Bikatunskoi kreposti [The Russians' exit to the river Biya and foundation of the Bikatun Fortress]. Goroda Altaia epokhi feodalizma i kapitalizma [Cities of the Altai in the period of feudalism and capitalism]. Barnaul: Izd-vo AGU, 1986, 3–24.
3. Umanskii A. P. 285 let Bikatunskoi kreposti [285 years of Bikatun fortress]. Stranitsy istorii Altaia 1994 g.: bibliograficheskii ukazatelʹ [Pages of Altai history 1994: bibliographic index]. Barnaul, 1993, 63–72.
4. Umanskii A. P. Kuznetsk i Altaiskie ostrogi [Kuznetsk and Altai fortifications]. Kuznetskaia starina [Kuznetsk antiquity], Iss. 3 (1999): 3–17.
5. Isupov S. Yu. Biisk: ostrog, krepostʹ, gorod [Biysk: stockaded town, fortress, city]. Biisk: NITS BPGI, 1999, 151.
6. Ogurtsov A. Iu. Na Kuznetskoi linii [On the Kuznetsk Line]. Kuznetskaia starina [Kuznetsk antiquity], Iss. 9 (2007): 40–67.
7. Isupov S. Yu. Krepostʹ Biiskaia estʹ glavnaia… [The Biysk fortress is the most important one…]. Barnaul: Azbuka, 2009, 302.
8. Isupov S. Yu. Rolʹ Biiskoi kreposti v voenno-kolonizatsionnoi politike Rossiiskoi imperii na Altae v pervoi polovine XVIII v. [Significance of the Bijsk Fortress in military and colonization policy of the Russian Empire in the Altay in the 1st half of xviii century]. Izvestiia Altaiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Izvestiya of
9. Altai State University Journal, no. 4-3 (2010): 91–94.
10. Borodaev V. B., Kontev A. V. Formirovanie rossiiskoi granitsy v Irtyshsko-Eniseiskom mezhdurechʹe v 1620–1720-kh gg. [The formation of the Russian state border in Irtysh-Yenisei interfluve area in 1620–1720]. Barnaul: Izd-vo AltGPU, 2015, 415.
11. Muratova S. R. Sibirskie ukreplennye linii v XVIII v. Diss. kand. ist. nauk [Siberian fortified lines in the XVIII century. Cand. Hist. Sci. Diss.]. Ufa, 2007, 241.
12. Sergeev A. D. Tainy altaiskikh krepostei [Secrets of the Altai fortresses]. Barnaul: Alt. kn. izd-vo, 1975, 80.
13. Umanskii A. P. Teleuty i russkie v XVII–XVIII vv. [Teleuts and Russians in the XVII–XVIII centuries]. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1980, 296.
14. Puzanov V. D. Voennye faktory russkoi kolonizatsii Zapadnoi Sibiri (konets XVI – nachalo XVIII v.). Avtoref. diss. doktora ist. nauk [Military factors of the Russian colonization of Western Siberia (the end of the 16th – the beginning of the 18th century). Dr. Hist. Sci. Diss. Abstr.]. Moscow, 2010, 49.
15. Puzanov V. D. Voennaia politika Russkogo gosudarstva v Zapadnoi Sibiri (konets XVI – nachalo XVIII v.) [The military politic of the Russian state in Western Siberia (late XVI – early XVIII century)]. Surgut: Taimer, 2011, 233.
16. Ogurtsov A. Iu. Voenno-inzhenernaia politika Rossii na iuge Zapadnoi Sibiri v XVIII v. Avtoref. diss. kand. ist. nauk [Military and engineering politic of Russia in the south of Western Siberia in the XVIII century. Cand. Hist. Sci. Diss. Abstr.]. Sverdlovsk, 1990, 23.
17. Isupov S. Yu. K voprosu o meste sooruzheniia Bikatunskogo ostroga 1709 g. [To the issue of the situation of the Bikatun stockade town in the 1709]. Kraevedcheskii vestnik (istoriko-publitsisticheskii alʹmanakh BKM im. V. V. Bianki) = Local history bulletin (historical and journalistic almanac BKM named after V. V. Bianki), Iss. 8 (1998): 9–15.
18. Isupov S. Yu. Prikazchiki i komendanty Biiskoi kreposti [Clerks and commandants of the Biysk Fortress]. Biiskie gradonachalʹniki: istoricheskie ocherki [Biysk governors: historical essays]. Biisk: Tipografiia BPGU, 2002, 11–21.
19. Isupov S. Yu. Dinamika izmenenii chislennosti garnizona Biiskoi kreposti v pervoi polovine XVIII v. [Dynamics of changes in the number of the Biysk fortress garrison in the first half of the 18th century]. Aktualʹnye voprosy istorii Sibiri. Vosʹmye nauch. chteniia pamiati prof. A. P. Borodavkina [Major issues of the history of Siberia. 8th scientific reads in memory of prof. A.A. Borodavkin]. Eds. Skubnevskii V. A., Pozharskaia K. A. Barnaul: Izd-vo AGU, 2011, 95–96.
20. Kontev A. V. Russkie kreposti Altaia na kartakh i chertezhakh XVIII v. [Russian fortresses of Altai on maps and drawings of the XVIII century]. Voprosy istorii fortifikatsii = History of fortification questions, no. 1 (2010): 36–43.
21. Soboleva T. N., Afanasiev P. A., Kukharenko A. E., Bobrov D. S. Ekspluatatsiia prirodnykh resursov Altaia imperatorskim Kabinetom kak faktor razvitiia rossiiskoi monarkhii (XVIII – nachalo XX v.) [Exploitation of natural resources by the Imperial Cabinet as a factor of the Russian monarchy development (XVIII – early XX century)]. Barnaul: Azbuka, 2012, 260.
22. Istoriko-geograficheskie obrazy Altaia v trudakh uchenykh, puteshestvennikov i chinovnikov XVIII – nachala XX v. [Historical and geographical Altai images in scientists’, travelers’ and officials’ scholary works of XVIII – early XX century]. Eds. Soboleva T. N., Bobrov D. S. Barnaul: Azbuka, 2016, 440.
23. Puzanov V. D. Godovalʹshchiki v Sibiri v XVII v. [Godovalchsici in Siberia in the XVII century]. Voprosy istorii = Questions of History, no. 2 (2009): 132–142.
24. Bobrov D. S. Politiko-pravovye mekhanizmy osvoeniia Rossiiskim gosudarstvom Verkhnego Obʹ-Irtyshʹia (Altaia) v pervoi polovine XVIII v. Diss. kand. ist. nauk [Political and legal mechanisms of the development of the Upper Ob-Irtysh area (Altai) by the Russian state in the first half of the 18th century. Cand. Hist. Sci. Diss.]. Barnaul, 2017, 252.
25. Bobrov D. S. Prikazchiki ostrogov i slobod Verkhnego Priobʹia kak sistemoobrazuiushchie instituty lokalʹnogo zvena sistemy upravleniia regionom v 20–30-kh gg. XVIII v. [Bailiffs of the forts and settlements of the Upper Ob area as the core institutions of local unit within the system of regional management in the 20–30s of the XVIII century]. Izvestiia Altaiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Izvestiya of Altai State University Journal, no. 2 (2016): 33–37. DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2016)2-04
26. Moiseev V. A. Rossiia i Dzhungarskoe khanstvo v XVIII v. (ocherki vneshnepoliticheskikh otnoshenii) [Russia and Dzungarian khanate in the XVIII century (essays of foreign politic relations)]. Barnaul: Izd-vo AGU, 1998, 174.
27. Bobrov D. S. Kolyvanskie zavody v politike kuznetskikh voevod vo vtoroi chetverti XVIII v. [Kolyvan factories in the policy of the Kuznetsk voivodes in the second quarter of the XVIII century]. Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 4 (2017): 23–29. DOI: 10.21603/2078-8975-2017-4-23-29
28. Bykonia G. F. Zaselenie russkimi Prieniseiskogo kraia v XVIII v. [Russian colonization in Prieniseisky krai in the 18th century]. 2-e izd., dop., osushchestvlennoe po pervoi avtorskoi redaktsii. Krasnoiarsk: KGPU im. V. P. Astafʹeva, 2013. 1 elektron. opt. disk (CD-ROM).
29. Zuev A. S. Shtatnaia reforma sibirskogo kazachestva 1737 g. [Regular reform of the Siberian Cossacks in 1737]. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriia: istoriia, filologiia = Novosibirsk State University Bulletin. Series: history and philology, no. 6 (2007): 22–27.
30. Minenko N. A. Russkaia krestʹianskaia obshchina v Zapadnoi Sibiri. XVIII – pervaia polovina XIX v. [Russian peasant community in Western Siberia 18th – first half of 19th century]. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo Novosib. un-ta, 1991, 265.
31. Dmitriev A. V. Russkaia reguliarnaia armiia v Sibiri (1725–1796 gg.). Diss. doktora ist. nauk [Russian regular army in Siberia (1725–1796). Dr. Hist. Sci. Diss.]. Novosibirsk, 2018, 439.
Review
For citations:
Bobrov D.S. ABOUT THE ROLE OF THE BIYSK FORTRESS IN THE RUSSIAN COLONIZATION PROCESS IN THE ALTAI IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XVIII CENTURY (TO THE 300TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ERECTION OF THE SECOND BIYSK STOCKADED TOWN. The Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. 2018;(4):13-23. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-4-13-23
Views:
681
Email this article 