"WHAT THEORIES WILL BRING TO RUSSIA": THE NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF THE WESTERN WAY OF LIFE IN THE RUSSIAN PRESS OF THE TIMES OF NICHOLAS I
https://doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-2-60-67
Abstract
The article examines the image of the West in the Russian press of the era of Nicholas I. When considering the image of the West, the emphasis is on negative trends that the Russian press found in modern Western life. One of the main subjects of criticism was parliamentarism. The parliamentary system was criticized for its weakness and inability to pursue a consistent policy. Also, Russian magazines criticized the West for abandoning traditional values and deviating from religion. The departure from religious morality in France and other countries was perceived as a cause of cultural decline. Capitalism was criticized by Russian journals from the moral point of view. The commercialization of life, coupled with the decline of morality, was seen as the main reason for the decline of Western European literature. It is concluded that all trends spotted by the Russian press in Western life began to manifest themselves in Russia at the end of the reign of Nicholas I and became public in the era of Alexander II.
About the Author
I. M. Startsev
Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
17, Northern Dvina quay, Arkhangelsk, Russia, 163002
References
1. Statisticheskaia tablitsa voenno-sukhoputnykh sil Evropy, sostavlennaia Bal'bi [Balbi’s statistic table of European military]. Voennyi zhurnal, po vysochaishemu Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva soizvoleniiu izdavaemyi voennouchenym komitetom = Military magazine, according to His Imperial Majesty's highest resolution issued by the Military Scientific Committee, no. 5 (1832): 146–148.
2. Shevyrev S. P. Vzgliad Russkogo na obrazovanie Evropy [Russian view to the European Enlightenment]. Moskvitianin = Moskovite, part 4 (1841): 219–296.
3. Tiutchev F. I. Stikhotvoreniia. Pis'ma. Vospominaniia sovremennikov [Poems. Letters. Memoirs of contemporaries]. Moscow: Pravda, 1988, 481.
4. Odoevskii V. F. 4338-i god [Year 4338]. Russkaia fantasticheskaia proza epokhi romantizma (1820–1840 gg.) [Russian fantastic prose of the Romantic era (1820– 1840)]. Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo Leningradskogo universiteta, 1991, 367–399.
5. Pogodin M. P. Petr Velikii [Peter the Great]. Moskvitianin = Moskovite, part 1 (1841): 1–15.
6. Politicheskie i drugie proisshestviia. Frantsiia [Political and other events. France]. Vestnik Evropy = Herald of Europe, no. 7 (1827): 228.
7. Uvarov S. S. Imperator Vserossiiskii i Bonapart [Russian Emperor and the Bonaparte]. Syn Otechestva = Son of the Fatherland, part XV (1814): 82–87.
8. Pestel' P. I. Russkaia Pravda [Russian Law]. Vosstanie dekabristov. Dokumenty. «Russkaia Pravda» P. I. Pestelia i sochineniia, ei predshestvuiushchie [Decembrist revolt. Documentation. "Russian Truth" P. I. Pestel and the works that preceded it]. Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1958, 116–187.
9. Pogodin M. P. Mesiats v Parizhe. Ch. 2 [A Month in the Paris. Part 2]. Moskvitianin = Moskovite, part 1 (1841): 47–448.
10. Shevyrev S. P. Vizit k Bal'zaku [A Visit to Balzak]. Moskvitianin = Moskovite, part 2 (1841): 358–383.
11. Pogodin M. P. Mesiats v Parizhe. Ch. 1 [A Month in the Paris. Part 1]. Moskvitianin = Moskovite, part 1 (1841): 76–130.
12. Vzgliad na nyneshnee sostoianie voennykh flotov Velikobritanii, Frantsii i Severo-Amerikanskikh Soedinennykh Shtatov (izvlecheno iz Revue Britannique 1839 goda) [View of the modern fleets of the UK, France and the USA (from Revue Britannique)]. Voennyi zhurnal, po Vysochaishemu Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva soizvoleniiu izdavaemyi voenno-uchenym komitetom = Military magazine, according to His Imperial Majesty's Highest Resolution issued by the Military-Scientific Committee, no. 6 (1840): 95–122.
13. Inostrannye izvestiia [Foreign News]. Syn otechestva. Istoriia, politika, slovesnost', nauki i khudozhestva = Son of the Fatherland. Istoriia, politika, slovesnostʹ, nauki i khudozhestva, no. 7 (1852).
14. Solov'ev K. A. Khoziain zemli Russkoi? Samoderzhavie i biurokratiia v epokhu moderna [Master of Russia? Autocracy and Bureaucracy at the Age of Modern]. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2017, 296.
15. Gordin Ia. A. Nikolai Pervyi bez retushi [Nicolas I without retouch]. Saint-Petersburg: Amfora, 2013, 543.
16. Cherkasov P. P. Aleksandr II i Napoleon III. Nesostoiavshiisia soiuz (1856–1870) [Alexander II and Napoleon III. The unfulfilled alliance.]. Moscow: Tovarishchestvo nauchnykh izdanii KMK, 2015, 450.
17. Inostrannye izvestiia [Foreign News]. Syn otechestva. Istoriia, politika, slovesnost', nauki i khudozhestva = Son of the Fatherland. Istoriia, politika, slovesnostʹ, nauki i khudozhestva, no. 3 (1852).
18. Inostrannye izvestiia [Foreign News]. Syn otechestva. Istoriia, politika, slovesnost', nauki i khudozhestva = Son of the Fatherland. Istoriia, politika, slovesnostʹ, nauki i khudozhestva, no. 4 (1852).
19. Mil'china V. A. Parizh v 1814–1848 godakh: povsednevnaia zhizn' [Everyday life in 1814–1848 Paris]. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2013, 944.
20. Inostrannye izvestiia [Foreign News]. Syn otechestva. Istoriia, politika, slovesnost', nauki i khudozhestva = Son of the Fatherland. Istoriia, politika, slovesnostʹ, nauki i khudozhestva, no. 9 (1852).
21. Reintblat A. I. Ot Bovy k Bal'montu i drugie raboty po istoricheskoi sotsiologii russkoi literatury [“From Bova to Balmont” and other Russian literature sociology studies]. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2009, 448.
22. Inostrannye izvestiia [Foreign News]. Syn otechestva. Istoriia, politika, slovesnost', nauki i khudozhestva = Son of the Fatherland. Istoriia, politika, slovesnostʹ, nauki i khudozhestva, no. 8 (1852): 65–69.
23. Pis'ma iz Parizha russkoi damy [Lettres from Paris by the Russian Lady]. Sovremennik = Contemporary, no. 39 (1845): 113–146, 264–288.
24. Pogodin M. P. Eshche 2 nedeli v Parizhe [2 weeks in Paris more]. Moskvitianin = Moskovite, no. 3 (1841): 50–77.
25. Zhiteli Normandii [Inhabitants of Normandy]. Zhivopisnoe obozrenie dostopamiatnykh predmetov iz nauk, iskusstv, khudozhestv, promyshlennosti i obshchezhitiia, s prisovokupleniem zhivopisnogo puteshestviia po zemnomu sharu i zhizneopisanii znamenitykh liudei = A picturesque survey of memorable subjects from the sciences, the arts, the arts, industry and the hostel, with the addition of a picturesque journey around the globe and the biographies of famous people, no. 3 (1837): 107–110.
26. Normandskii myznik [Normandian Farmer]. Zhivopisnoe obozrenie dostopamiatnykh predmetov iz nauk, iskusstv, khudozhestv, promyshlennosti i obshchezhitiia, s prisovokupleniem zhivopisnogo puteshestviia po zemnomu sharu i zhizneopisanii znamenitykh liudei = A picturesque survey of memorable subjects from the sciences, the arts, the arts, industry and the hostel, with the addition of a picturesque journey around the globe and the biographies of famous people, no. 3 (1837): 147–149.
27. Pis'mo inogorodnego podpischika ob angliiskoi literature i zhurnalistike [Letter from our subscriber from another city about English literature and Journalism]. Sovremennik = Contemporary, no. 41 (1853): 177–194.
28. Shokareva A. Dvorianskaia sem'ia: kul'tura obshcheniia. Russkoe stolichnoe dvorianstvo pervoi poloviny XIX veka [A Noble family – Culture of communication. Russian nobility of the first half of XIX century]. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2017, 304.
29. Abakumov O. Iu. Tret'e otdelenie na strazhe nravstvennosti i blagochiniia. Zhandarmy v bor'be so vziatkami i porokom1826–1866 gg. [The Third department in fight against bribes and depravity. 1826–1866]. Moscow: Tsentropoligraf, 2017, 319.
30. Odoevskii V. F. Gorod bez imeni [The City without a Name]. Russkaia fantasticheskaia proza epokhi romantizma (1820–1840 gg.) [Russian fantastic prose of the Romantic era (1820–1840)]. Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo Leningradskogo universiteta, 1991, 352–367.
31. Erofeev N. A. Tumannyi Al'bion: Angliia i anglichane glazami russkikh, 1825–1853 gg. [Foggy Albion: Russian view to England and Englishman, 1825–1853]. Moscow: Nauka, 1982, 320.
32. Roskosh' stola v otnoshenii k tsivilizatsii [Luxury of Food and Civilization]. Sovremennik = Contemporary, 3, part 6 (1853): 46–66.
33. Inostrannaia literatura. Smes' [Foreign Literature. Miscellaneous]. Literaturnaia gazeta = The Literary Newspaper, no. 5 (1830).
34. Frantsuzskie dramaturgi, sudimye angliiskimi kritikami [French playwrights, tired by British critics]. Teleskop = The Telescope, no. 18 (1834): 116–130.
35. Aktrisa i pisatel', roman Pol'-de-Koka [Paul de Cock’s novel “The Actress and the Writer”]. Sovremennik = Contemporary, no. 10 (1848): 36–40.
36. Gogol' N. V. Portret [The Portrait]. Gogol' N. V. Izbrannye sochineniia [Selected works]. Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia literatura, 1984, 430–475.
37. Teslia A. A. Pervyi russkii natsionalizm i drugie [The First Russian Nationalism and others]. Moscow: Evropa, 2014, 280.
Review
For citations:
Startsev I.M. "WHAT THEORIES WILL BRING TO RUSSIA": THE NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF THE WESTERN WAY OF LIFE IN THE RUSSIAN PRESS OF THE TIMES OF NICHOLAS I. The Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. 2018;(2):60-67. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-2-60-67
Views:
674
Email this article 