VERBAL MOOD AS A MEDIUM OF THE POLITENESS CATEGORY IN RUSSIAN AND PERSIAN

Abstract

The article features verbal mood as one of the morphological means of expressing the category of politeness. The main attention in the study of the category of courtesy and the means of its expression is focused on the functional grammar and the functional-semantic field as one of its basic concepts. When teaching a foreign language (grammar in general or communicative grammar in particular), the main role should be assigned to the functional principle of teaching. The principle is based on systems of different levels that express this or that meaning of the categories in question. The category of inclination, being an intentional category, expresses the relation of action to reality established by the speaker. Much attention is given to the characteristic features of the imperative and subjunctive moods that make up the nearest periphery of the functional-semantic field of courtesy both in Russian and Persian. The research concentrates on the semantics of the forms of imperative and subjunctive moods as invariants of the politeness category and explores various speech acts expressing different degrees of politeness in both languages.