DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICY TOWARDS FAILED STATES IN THE 1990S
Abstract
The notion of ―failed state‖ was introduced by the scientific society as long ago as in 1993, but it appeared in the official documents of the European Union only ten years after, in the European Security Strategy. This paper analyses the official documents of the European Commission and the European Council issued in the 1990s in order to trace the origins of the development of the EU‘s policy towards failed states. In particular the author looks at how this policy was crystalized from more general development policy, especially aimed toward ACP countries as the traditional recipients of the EU‘s aid and also as a group of countries many of which fall under the category of ―failed‖. It is also noted that security factor was important in the development of the policy toward failed states.
About the Author
M. S. MiroshnikovRussian Federation
Maksim S. Miroshnikov – post-graduate student at the Department of World Politics
References
1. Development Assistance Committee. Shaping the 21st Century: The Contribution of Development Co-operation. 1996. Режим доступа: http://www.oecd.org/dac/2508761.pdf
2. European Commission. Communication from the Commission to the Council. The European Union and the issue of conflicts in Africa: Peace-building, conflict prevention and beyond. 1996. Режим доступа: http://aei.pitt.edu/1209/
3. European Commission. Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on linking relief, rehabilitation and development (LRRD). 1996. Режим доступа: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/?qid=1425065562364&uri=CELEX:51996DC0153
4. European Commission. Green Paper on Relations between the European Union and the ACP Countries on the Eve of the 21st Century ―Challenges and Options for a New Partnership‖. 1996. Режим доступа: http://aei.pitt.edu/1206/
5. European Council Decision of 20 October 1997. Режим доступа: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31997D0699
6. European Council. Preventive diplomacy and peacekeeping in Africa. 1995. Режим доступа: http://ec.europa.eu/development/body/theme/prevention/conclusions-1995.htm
7. Helman G., Ratner S. Saving Failed States // Foreign Policy. 1992 – 1993. № 89. С. 3 – 20.
8. Herbst J., Mills G. The invisible state // Foreign Policy. 2013. Режим доступа: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/06/24/the_invisible_state#sthash.zwCx4e4H.dpbs
9. Hout W. Development Cooperation, Poverty Reduction and the European Union // EU Development policy and poverty reduction: enhancing effectiveness. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2007. C. 1 – 17.
10. Hout W. Between Development and Security: the European Union, governance and fragile states // Third World Quarterly. 2010. Vol. 31. № 1. C. 141 – 157.
11. Jayasuria K., Rosser A. Economic orthodoxy and the East Asian crisis // Third World Quarterly. 2001. Vol. 22. № 3. C. 381 – 396.
12. North Douglass. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 152 c.
13. Smith K. The ACP in the European Union‘s Network of Regional Relationships: Still Unique or Just One in the Crowd? // Arts K., Dickson A. (eds.) EU Development Cooperation. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2004. C. 60 – 80.
14. Stiglitz J. More Instruments and Broader Goals: Moving Toward the Post-Washington Consensus. 1998. Режим доступа: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.201.2709&rep=rep1&type=pdf
15. The Failed States Index 2013. Режим доступа: http://ffp.statesindex.org/rankings-2013-sortable
16. The Maastricht Treaty. 1992. Режим доступа: http://www.eurotreaties.com/maastrichtec.pdf
17. Wade R. The Rising Inequality of World Income Distribution // Finance and Development. 2001. Vol. 38. № 4. C. 1 – 6
18. Williamson J. What Washington Means by Policy Reform // Latin American Adjustment: How Much Has Happened? Washington, D. C.: Institute for International Economics, 1990. C. 7 – 25.
Review
For citations:
Miroshnikov M.S. DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICY TOWARDS FAILED STATES IN THE 1990S. SibScript. 2015;(3-2):199-203. (In Russ.)