The paper reveals the relevance of students’ professional self-determination for the development of the high school at modern stage, and presentsthe results of two sociological researches which were conducted with an interval of two years at Kemerovo State University. The results show that professional determination of students interfaces considerable difficulties. The majority of students chose their major consciously and are satisfied with their choice and expect to find an interesting jobwithin their major, which will provide them career development. But some of the students entered the universition casionally, have no positive expectations regarding their major and are not going to find a job in that field. The revealed problems, in particular, the deterioration of students’ attitude to the chosen major from year to year, prove the need to improve career guidence work at the university.