kemsuСибСкриптSibScript2949-21222949-2092Kemerovo State Universitykemsu-839Research ArticleПсихологияPsychologyТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ОСНОВНЫХ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕОРИЙ ВИКТИМИЗАЦИИ, РАЗРАБОТАННЫХ В РАМКАХ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ НАУКИTHEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CONTEMPORARY THEORIES OF VICTIMIZATION DEVELOPED WITHIN FOREIGN SCIENCEАндронниковаО. О.AndronnikovaO. O.

Андронникова Ольга Олеговна – кандидат психологических наук, доцент, декан факультета психологии

Оlga О. Andronnikova – Candidate of Psychology, Associate Professor, Dean of the Feaculty of Psychology

andronnikovao@gmail.comНовосибирский государственный педагогический университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Pedagogical UniversityRussian Federation20151503201604-15457Copyright © Андронникова О.О., 20152015Андронникова О.О.Andronnikova O.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/839

В статье дан обзор основных зарубежных теорий виктимизации. Целью данной работы выступает потребность преодолеть вакуум информации о развитии виктимологии за рубежом и основных зарубежных подходов к исследованию виктимности человека. Рассмотрены концепции образа жизни, личностных особенностей и аномальных межличностных отношений. Выделены основные последствия виктимизации, определенные на основании концепции peer victimization. Обозначено, что характерные нарушения (низкая самооценка и снижение чувства собственного достоинства) происходит у всех участников виктимного процесса. Рассмотрены последствия разных форм запугивания в раннем и подростковом возрасте. Выделена специфика киберзапугивания как формы насилия. Обозначена роль теорий влияния пола, расы, возраста в развитии подходов к виктимизации личности. Раскрыт механизм вторичной виктимизации и эффект социального заражения. Обозначены теории, раскрывающие специфику виктимизации несовершеннолетних беженцев. Предложен анализ различных воздействия для предотвращения насилия среди сверстников младшего подросткового возраста и оценка их эффективности. Новизна анализа заключается в распространении зарубежного опыта в поле отечественной виктимологии.

The paper provides an overview of the main theories of victimization popular abroad. The work is aims to overcome the lack of information about the development of victimology abroad, and the main foreign approaches to the study of human victimization. The author considers the concept of “the lifestyle/exposure theory”, personal characteristics and abnormal interpersonal relations. The concept of «peer victimization» is presented as a basis for the consequences. The study shows that the characteristic disorders (low self-esteem and impaired dignity) are present in all members of the victimization process. The effects of various forms of intimidation in the early age and adolescence were studied. The specifics of cyberbullying as a form of violence are highlighted. The role of the theories of gender, race, age influence in the development of approaches to victimization of the individual is revealed. The mechanism of secondary victimization and the effect of social contamination are described. The theories revealing the specifics of victimization of underage refugees are suggested. The author proposes an analysis of various activities to prevent violence among young teenage peers, their effectiveness is evaluated as well. The novelty of the analysis lies in the dissemination of international experience in the field of Russian victimology.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.