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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/sibscript-2025-27-6-1142-1151</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-6143</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Всеобщая история</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>General History</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интервенционализм как инструмент внешней политики США на Ближнем Востоке в период холодной войны (на примерах операций в Ливане в 1958 г. и 1982–1984 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interventionism as an Instrument of US Foreign Policy in the Middle East during the Cold War: Operations in Lebanon in 1958 and 1982–1984</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0048-0545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>Владимир Петрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>Vladimir P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Томск</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57190579063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 571905790633</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9809-2806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>Семен Константинович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilin</surname><given-names>Semen K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кемерово</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kemerovo</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sem-ilin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University;&#13;
Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1142</fpage><lpage>1151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Румянцев В.П., Ильин С.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Румянцев В.П., Ильин С.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rumyantsev V.P., Ilin S.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/6143">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/6143</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема интервенционализма как инструмента внешней политики Соединенных Штатов в эпоху биполярного противостояния не утратит своей актуальности до тех пор, пока они будут использовать его для продвижения своих интересов в разных регионах мира. Цель – выявить общие черты и различия двух интервенций США в Ливан (1958 г. и 1982–1984 гг.) в контексте конкретных исторических условий. Несмотря на 25-летний перерыв между этими двумя военными операциями, можно отметить неразрывную связь в их геополитической составляющей, которая была выражена в стремлении США контролировать процессы, происходящие вокруг Ливана в рамках условного треугольника Сирия – Израиль – Иран. Обе операции имели внутриполитическую подоплеку, связанную со стремлением Белого дома укрепить свой престиж и лидерство во взаимоотношениях с конгрессом и произвести соответствующее впечатление на избирателей. Вместе с тем масштабы, последствия, правовые аспекты отправки американских войск на Ближний Восток в период правления администраций Д. Эйзенхауэра и Р. Рейгана различались. В 1958 г. Соединенным Штатам удалось при большем масштабе военного контингента избежать людских потерь среди личного состава. В 1982–1984 гг. США при гораздо более малочисленном составе экспедиционного корпуса потеряли несколько сотен жизней своих морских пехотинцев. Обе операции усилили убежденность правящих кругов Соединенных Штатов в своем праве и возможностях проводить интервенции в дела других стран.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Interventionism was a major tool of the US foreign policy in the era of bipolar confrontation. Today, the USA continues to use it to advance its interests in different regions. The two US interventions in Lebanon in 1958 and 1982–1984 demonstrated both similarities and differences in the specific historical context. Despite the quarter-of-a-century gap between these two military operations, the geopolitical component remained the same: the USA wanted to control the processes in the Syria–Israel–Iran triangle. Both operations had a domestic political background as the White House intended to strengthen its prestige and leadership in relations with the Congress and to win more voters. However, the scale, consequences, and legal aspects of the interventions initiated by Eisenhower and Reagan differed. In 1958, the USA managed to avoid human losses despite a larger military contingent. In 1982–1984, the much smaller expeditionary force lost several hundred marines. Yet, both operations strengthened the conviction of the White House in its right and ability to intervene in the affairs of other countries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ближневосточная политика США</kwd><kwd>интервенционализм</kwd><kwd>палестино-израильский конфликт</kwd><kwd>холодная война</kwd><kwd>Рональд Рейган</kwd><kwd>Дуайт Эйзенхауэр</kwd><kwd>Ливан</kwd><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>US Middle East policy</kwd><kwd>interventionism</kwd><kwd>Palestinian-Israeli conflict</kwd><kwd>Cold War</kwd><kwd>Ronald Reagan</kwd><kwd>Dwight Eisenhower</kwd><kwd>Lebanon</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гречев М. А. Колониальная политика США после второй мировой войны. М.: АН СССР, 1958. 383 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grechev M. A. 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