<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/sibscript-2025-27-3-552-562</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WTYRJV</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-5989</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В ПОСТБИПОЛЯРНОМ МИРЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE POST-BIPOLAR WORLD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы новой многополярности в современном внешнеполитическом дискурсе Европейского союза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New Multipolarity in Contemporary European Union’s Foreign Policy Discourse</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1737-4995</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игумнова</surname><given-names>Людмила Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Igumnova</surname><given-names>Lyudmila O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Scopus Author ID: 39361786000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Scopus Author ID: 39361786000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyudmila_igum@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет (Россия, Иркутск)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk National Research Technical University (Russia, Irkutsk)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>552</fpage><lpage>562</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Игумнова Л.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Игумнова Л.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Igumnova L.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5989">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5989</self-uri><abstract><p>На фоне качественной трансформации международной системы лидеры Европейского союза в своих выступлениях зачастую выходят за рамки повседневной повестки, пытаясь описать складывающийся геополитический ландшафт в целом. Цель – изучить представления должностных лиц Евросоюза о текущем миропорядке и роли Евросоюза в рамках новой конфигурации международных отношений. Анализ официального внешнеполитического дискурса Европейского союза позволяет выявить идеи, формирующие политику Брюсселя в процессе его адаптации к меняющимся условиям, и определить, какая из теорий лучше объясняет современную внешнеполитическую траекторию Евросоюза. Методологически статья опирается на заявления высших должностных лиц Европейского союза за последние два года (2023–2024 гг.): прежде всего, выступления Верховного представителя Евросоюза Жозепа Борреля и председателя Еврокомиссии Урсулы фон дер Ляйен. Описывая мир как многополярный, руководители Евросоюза уделяют существенное внимание различным проявлениям современной многополярности. Анализ показывает, что системное геополитическое давление оказывает заметное влияние на внешнюю политику и позиционирование Евросоюза, поэтому чисто эндогенные подходы недостаточны для всестороннего исследования его акторности. В европейском дискурсе присутствуют элементы реалистской и нормативной логики. В соответствии с первой, Евросоюз обращается к соотношению мировых сил и различным измерениям безопасности; согласно второй – проецирует общие ценности, принципы многосторонности и партнерства. Таким образом, дискуссии об акторности Евросоюза более плодотворны в случае конвергенции различных теорий: учета глобальной динамики и внутриевропейской специфики, нормативных и стратегических поведенческих логик. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Amid the ongoing qualitative transformation of the international system, the leaders of the European Union go beyond day-to-day political agenda, attempting to describe the emerging global geopolitical landscape. The article explores the vision of the contemporary world order and the EU’s role in it as released by its officials. The analysis of the EU’s official discourse provides insight into the ideas that shape Brussels’ policy of adaptation to the changing environment, and allows to identify the theory that best explains the EU’s foreign policy trajectory. Methodologically the article is based on statements made by senior EU officials in 2023-2024, e.g., High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell, President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen, etc. In describing the world as multipolar, EU leaders attend to different aspects of today's multipolarity. The analysis shows that systemic geopolitical pressure exerts significant impact on the EU’s foreign policy and positioning, therefore purely endogenous approaches are insufficient for a comprehensive study of the Union’s actorness. The discourse combines elements of realist and normative logics. On the one hand, Brussels address the balance of power and various dimensions of security. On the other hand, it projects common values, multilateralism, and partnership. Debates about the EU’s actorness seem more fruitful if they imply convergence of different theories: deep understanding of global dynamic and intra-European specifics, as well as normative and strategic behavioral logics. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика ЕС</kwd><kwd>многополярность</kwd><kwd>Верховный представитель ЕС</kwd><kwd>Жозеп Боррель</kwd><kwd>Председатель Еврокомиссии</kwd><kwd>Урсула фон дер Ляйен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>EU foreign policy</kwd><kwd>multipolarity</kwd><kwd>EU High Representative</kwd><kwd>Josep Borrell</kwd><kwd>President of the European Commission</kwd><kwd>Ursula von der Leyen</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арбатова Н. К. Разносторонний треугольник: отношения Евросоюза с США и КНР. Полис. Политические исследования. 2023. № 6. С. 83–99. https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2023.06.07</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arbatova N. K. The versatile triangle: EU relations with the USA and China. Polis. Political Studies, 2023, (6): 83–99. (In Russ.)] https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2023.06.07</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коровникова Н. А. ЕС – КНР: сотрудничество, соперничество или «снижение рисков»? Актуальные проблемы Европы. 2024. № 4. С. 87–105. https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2024.04.05</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korovnikova N. A. The EU-PRC: Cooperation, competition or "de-risking"? Current Problems of Europe, 2024, (4): 87–105. (In Russ.)] https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2024.04.05</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазаник С. В., Романова Т. А. Геополитика коннективности: ЕС в Центральной Азии. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения. 2024. Т. 24. № 4. С. 563–575. https://elibrary.ru/luqgdz</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazanik S. V., Romanova T. A. Geopolitics of connectivity: The EU in Central Asia. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 2024, 24(4): 563–575. (In Russ.)] https://elibrary.ru/luqgdz</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мельникова Ю. Ю. Управление взаимозависимостью в отношениях ЕС и КНР: экономический аспект. Сравнительная политика. 2022. Т. 13. № 1-2. С. 139–157. https://doi.org/10.46272/2221-3279-2022-1-2-13-139-157</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melnikova Ju. Ju. Managing interdependence in the EU – China relations: Economic aspects. Comparative Politics, 2022, 13(1-2): 139–157. (In Russ.)] https://doi.org/10.46272/2221-3279-2022-1-2-13-139-157</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Носов М. Г. ЕС и Китай: торговля или стратегия. Современная Европа. 2018. № 6. С. 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope620180517</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nosov M. G. EU and China: Trade or strategy. Sovremennaya Evropa, 2018, (6): 5–17. (In Russ.)] http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope620180517</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aggestam L., Hyde-Price A. Double trouble: Trump, Transatlantic relations and European strategic autonomy. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2019, 57(S1): 114–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12948</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aggestam L., Hyde-Price A. Double trouble: Trump, Transatlantic relations and European strategic autonomy. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2019, 57(S1): 114–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12948</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biba S. The European Union’s place in United States–China strategic competition: How role dynamics drive Brussels towards Washington. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2025, 63(1): 71–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13605</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biba S. The European Union’s place in United States–China strategic competition: How role dynamics drive Brussels towards Washington. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2025, 63(1): 71–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13605</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosse G. The EU’s response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine: Invoking norms and values in times of fundamental rupture. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(5): 1222–1238. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13569</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bosse G. The EU’s response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine: Invoking norms and values in times of fundamental rupture. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(5): 1222–1238. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13569</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brooks S. G., Wohlforth W. C. The myth of multipolarity: American power’s staying power. Foreign Affairs, 2023, 102(3). URL: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/china-multipolarity-myth (accessed 10 Jan 2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brooks S. G., Wohlforth W. C. The myth of multipolarity: American power’s staying power. Foreign Affairs, 2023, 102(3). URL: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/china-multipolarity-myth (accessed 10 Jan 2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Derviş K. Can multilateralism survive? Brookings. 23 Jul 2018. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/can-multilateralism-survive/ (accessed 10 Jan 2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Derviş K. Can multilateralism survive? Brookings. 23 Jul 2018. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/can-multilateralism-survive/ (accessed 10 Jan 2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diez T. Power transition as a challenge to normative power Europe. Power transition in the anarchical society: Rising powers, institutional change and the new world order, eds. Knudsen T. B., Navari C. L.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, 153–176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diez T. Power transition as a challenge to normative power Europe. Power transition in the anarchical society: Rising powers, institutional change and the new world order, eds. Knudsen T. B., Navari C. L.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, 153–176.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dijkstra H. Introduction: One-and-a-half cheers for the EU global strategy. Contemporary Security Policy, 2016, 37(3): 369–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2016.1244241</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dijkstra H. Introduction: One-and-a-half cheers for the EU global strategy. Contemporary Security Policy, 2016, 37(3): 369–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2016.1244241</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flockhart T. The coming multi-order world. Contemporary Security Policy, 2016, 37(1): 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2016.1150053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flockhart T. The coming multi-order world. Contemporary Security Policy, 2016, 37(1): 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2016.1150053</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gehrke T. EU open strategic autonomy and the trappings of geoeconomics. European Foreign Affairs Review, 2022, 27(SI): 61–78. https://doi.org/10.54648/eerr2022012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gehrke T. EU open strategic autonomy and the trappings of geoeconomics. European Foreign Affairs Review, 2022, 27(SI): 61–78. https://doi.org/10.54648/eerr2022012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haroche P. Geoeconomic power Europe: When global power competition drives EU integration. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(4): 938–954. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13596</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haroche P. Geoeconomic power Europe: When global power competition drives EU integration. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(4): 938–954. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13596</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juncos A. E., Vanhoonacker S. The ideational power of strategic autonomy in EU security and external economic policies. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(4): 955–972. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13597</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juncos A. E., Vanhoonacker S. The ideational power of strategic autonomy in EU security and external economic policies. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(4): 955–972. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13597</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lavere S., Schmid D. European Integration and the New Global Disorder. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2021, 59(5): 1322–1338. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13184</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lavere S., Schmid D. European Integration and the New Global Disorder. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2021, 59(5): 1322–1338. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13184</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manners I. Arrival of normative power in planetary politics. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(3): 825–844. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13505</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manners I. Arrival of normative power in planetary politics. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(3): 825–844. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13505</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mearsheimer J. J. Bound to fail: The rise and fall of the liberal international order. International Security, 2019, 43(4): 7–50. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00342</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mearsheimer J. J. Bound to fail: The rise and fall of the liberal international order. International Security, 2019, 43(4): 7–50. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00342</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nitoiu C., Sus M. Introduction: The rise of geopolitics in the EU’s approach in its Eastern neighbourhood. Geopolitics, 2019, 24(1): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2019.1544396</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nitoiu C., Sus M. Introduction: The rise of geopolitics in the EU’s approach in its Eastern neighbourhood. Geopolitics, 2019, 24(1): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2019.1544396</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pace M. The construction of EU normative power and the Middle East ‘Conflict’ … 16 Years on. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(3): 868–884. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13492</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pace M. The construction of EU normative power and the Middle East ‘Conflict’ … 16 Years on. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2024, 62(3): 868–884. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13492</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riddervold М., Rosén G. Unified in response to rising powers? China, Russia and EU-US relations. Journal of European Integration, 2018, 40(5): 555–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2018.1488838</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riddervold М., Rosén G. Unified in response to rising powers? China, Russia and EU-US relations. Journal of European Integration, 2018, 40(5): 555–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2018.1488838</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rieker P., Riddervold M. Not so unique after all? Urgency and norms in EU foreign and security policy. Journal of European Integration, 2022, 44(4): 459–473. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2021.1977293</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rieker P., Riddervold M. Not so unique after all? Urgency and norms in EU foreign and security policy. Journal of European Integration, 2022, 44(4): 459–473. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2021.1977293</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sjursen H., Rosén G. Arguing sanctions. On the EU’s response to the crisis in Ukraine. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2017, 55(1): 20–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12443</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sjursen H., Rosén G. Arguing sanctions. On the EU’s response to the crisis in Ukraine. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2017, 55(1): 20–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12443</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wohlforth W. C. Polarity and international order: Past and future. Polarity in international relations. Governance, security and development, eds. Græger N., Heurlin B., Wæver O., Wivel A. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2022, 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05505-8_21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wohlforth W. C. Polarity and international order: Past and future. Polarity in international relations. Governance, security and development, eds. Græger N., Heurlin B., Wæver O., Wivel A. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2022, 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05505-8_21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
