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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/sibscript-2025-27-3-489-505</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GFJSKC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-5985</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Всеобщая история</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>General History</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Капитализм и ранний модерн на фоне Средневековья: обзор идейных направлений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Capitalism and Early Modernity in the Middle Ages: An Overview of Ideological Trends</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1873-8663</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>Олег Витальевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zaecposad@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кемеровский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>489</fpage><lpage>505</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ким О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ким О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kim O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5985">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5985</self-uri><abstract><p>Зарождение капитализма в Средние века происходило на фоне внедрения разнообразных социальных и культурных инноваций. Сумма этих инноваций существенно меняет представление о Средневековье как об эпохе феодализма. Новшества носили глобальный характер и отразили взаимное влияние цивилизаций Запада и Востока. В них также выражалась преемственность по отношению к античной культуре и социальным структурам. Для описания этих явлений и тенденций в статье предлагается термин ранний модерн. Фокус историографического анализа обращен к зарубежным и отечественным исследованиям 1970–2020-х гг. Идеи, институты и практики раннего модерна отразились в теориях переходного общества, модернизации, протоиндустриализации, мир-системного анализа. Большое внимание в исследованиях этого направления уделяется торговой революции XII–XIII вв. Новая темпоральность и пространство глобального Средневековья выражены в образах единой Афро-Евразии и постклассического периода. Повышается статус средневековых технологий, системы знаний и представлений об окружающем мире. Утвердилась концепция мирового технологического и культурного подъема в XI–XIII вв. Предложенные концепты вызвали сдержанную и критическую реакцию академических историков-медиевистов на такое расширенное толкование Средневековья и генезиса капитализма. Они признают недостатки эталонного подхода к западноевропейскому феодализму, но отмечают устойчивость основных критериев определения классического Средневековья и феодальной революции. При этом мир-системная перспектива и контекст глобальной истории серьезно учитываются в академических макроисторических исследованиях. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Capitalism first emerged in the Middle Ages against the backdrop of social and cultural innovations that may change the traditional concept of the Middle Ages as a period of pure feudalism. These innovations were global in nature and reflected the mutual influence of Western and Eastern civilizations. They also manifested a certain continuity with Classical European culture and society. The article introduces the term of Early Modernity to describe these phenomena and trends. The historiographic analysis focused on foreign and domestic studies published in 1970–2024. The ideas, institutions, and practices of early modernity found their reflection in the theories of transitional society, modernization, and proto-industrialization, as well as in the studies that covered the trade revolution of XII–XIII centuries. The new temporality and space arrangement of the global Middle Ages appeared in the images of a single Afro-Eurasia and the Post-Classical Period. As the status of medieval technologies, knowledge systems, and ideas about the world increased, it yielded the concept of global technological and cultural rise in the XI–XIII centuries. Such expanded interpretation of the Middle Ages and genesis of capitalism caused a critical reaction from medievalists. While acknowledging the shortcomings of the standard approach to Western European feudalism, they stick to the key criteria in defining the classical Middle Ages and the feudal revolution. However, macrohistorical studies seriously consider the world-system perspective and the context of global history. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ранний модерн</kwd><kwd>средневековая мир-система</kwd><kwd>средневековый капитализм</kwd><kwd>протоиндустриализация</kwd><kwd>глобальная история</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Early Modernity</kwd><kwd>medieval world-system</kwd><kwd>medieval capitalism</kwd><kwd>proto-industrialization</kwd><kwd>global history</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арриги Дж. Долгий двадцатый век. Деньги, власть и истоки нашего времени. 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