kemsuСибСкриптSibScript2949-21222949-2092Kemerovo State University10.21603/sibscript-2024-26-2-196-209pkudktkemsu-5593Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КОГНИТИВНОЙ СФЕРЫ И МЕНТАЛЬНОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА ЛИЧНОСТИ В НОРМЕ И ПАТОЛОГИИCOGNITIVE STUDIES AND MENTAL SPACES: NORMAL VS. PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONSМетодологические основания разработки модели профилактики и коррекции постковидной когнитивной дисфункцииPost-COVID-19 Cognitive Dysfunction: Methodological Foundations for Prevention and Correction Modelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8046-5470СолодухинАнтон ВитальевичSolodukhinAnton V.

Кемерово

Scopus Author ID: 57204921841

Kemerovo

Scopus Author ID: 57204921841

Mein11@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9318-4333СерыйАндрей ВикторовичSeryyAndrey V.

Кемерово

Scopus Author ID: 57195197139

Kemerovo

Scopus Author ID: 57195197139

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-6671ВаричЛидия АлександровнаVarichLidiia A.

Кемерово

Scopus Author ID: 8277028700

Kemerovo

Scopus Author ID: 8277028700

Кемеровский государственный университетРоссияKemerovo State UniversityRussian Federation202423042024262196–209Copyright © Солодухин А.В., Серый А.В., Варич Л.А., 20242024Солодухин А.В., Серый А.В., Варич Л.А.Solodukhin A.V., Seryy A.V., Varich L.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5593

Проведен комплексный анализ теоретических и экспериментальных исследований психофизиологических предикторов когнитивных нарушений у лиц, перенесших инфекцию COVID­19. На основании полученных данных разработана модель психологической коррекции и профилактики постковидной когнитивной дисфункции. Показано, что развитие постковидной когнитивной дисфункции затрагивает все сферы психической деятельности: когнитивную, поведенческую и психоэмоциональную. Функциональные изменения характеризуются ухудшением подвижности нервных процессов, снижением объема внимания, изменениями в копинг­поведении и личностных особенностях. Отмечено, что лица юношеского возраста отличаются от более старшей категории пациентов отсутствием выраженных нарушений в сердечно­ сосудистой системе и большей сохранностью когнитивных функций. Среди гендерных различий обнаружено, что восстановление когнитивного функционирования у мужчин взаимообусловлено осмыслением прошлого опыта, а у женщин – повышением осмысленности своей жизни и постановкой целей на будущее. Исходя из этого, была разработана и предложена модель профилактики и психологической коррекции постковидной когнитивной дисфункции, в которой были интегрированы принципы и положения ряда таких научных подходов, как системный, информационный, когнитивный и личностно­ориентированный. Структура модели профилактики и коррекции постковидной когнитивной дисфункции представлена структурными элементами, которые позволяют осуществлять сопровождение пациентов с COVID­19 на всех этапах лечебного процесса, и включает 3 блока: 1) психодиагностический (выявление основных проблем пациента, его дезадаптивных установок и нарушений когнитивных функций); 2) психокоррекционный и психотерапевтический (приемы, направленные на оказание психологической помощи); 3) блок социально­бытовой адаптации к заболеванию (поддержание достигнутых на предыдущем этапе результатов по восстановлению когнитивной, поведенческой и психоэмоциональной сфер и повышение возможностей к социально­ бытовой адаптации пациента на амбулаторном этапе).

The article introduces a comprehensive review of theoretical and experimental studies in the field of psychophysiological predictors of cognitive impairments in post-COVID-19 patients. The data obtained made it possible to design a model of psychological correction and prevention of post-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunction. This condition affects cognitive, behavioral, and psycho-emotional areas of mental activity. Functional changes involve poor mobility of nervous processes and short attention span, as well as changes in coping behavior and personality characteristics. Unlike older patients, teenagers experience fewer consequences for cardiovascular system and cognitive functions. As for gender differences, men restored their cognitive functions better when they came to grasp with their past experience. For women, recovery was associated with life meaning, planning, and goal setting. The resulting model for the prevention and psychological correction of post-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunction integrated the principles of systemic, information, cognitive, and personality-oriented approaches. It consisted of several structural elements that made it possible to support COVID-19 patients through all treatment stages, i.e., psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection, psychotherapy, and social and lifestyle adaptation.

когнитивные нарушенияпостковидная когнитивная дисфункциякогнитивно­поведенческая психотерапиякоронавирусная инфекциягендерные различиямодель профилактики и психокоррекцииcognitive impairmentpost-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunctioncognitive behavioral therapycoronavirus infectiongender differencesmodel of prevention and psychocorrectionИсследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда и гранта Кемеровской области – Кузбасса, проект № 22­25­20173 «Психофизиологические предикторы когнитивных нарушений у лиц, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию (COVID­19): система профилактики и коррекции». https://rscf.ru/project/22­25­20173/The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation and the Kuzbass Foundation, project No. 22­25­20173: Psychophysiological predictors of cognitive impairment in former COVID-19 patients: prevention and correction. https://rscf.ru/project/ 22-25-20173/ReferencesАгрис А. Р. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.