kemsuСибСкриптSibScript2949-21222949-2092Kemerovo State University10.21603/sibscript-2023-25-4-491-499kemsu-5497Research ArticleИстория и теория языкаHistory and Theory of LanguageГенезис лексических суффиксов в языках салишской семьиOrigin of Lexical Suffixes in the Salish Languageshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-9988ИконниковаОльга НиколаевнаIkonnikovaOlga N.

Таганрог

Taganrog 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7371-9655КалининСтепан СергеевичKalininStepan S.

Москва

Scopus Author ID: 57206675409

MoscowScopus Author ID: 57206675409 

rage_of_gods@inbox.ruТаганрогский институт управления и экономикиРоссияTaganrog Institute of Management and EconomicsRussian FederationМеждународный славянский институтРоссияInternational Slavic InstituteRussian Federation202326092023254491499Copyright © Иконникова О.Н., Калинин С.С., 20232023Иконникова О.Н., Калинин С.С.Ikonnikova O.N., Kalinin S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5497

Лексическая суффиксация является одной из характерологических черт салишской языковой семьи. Лексические суффиксы представляют собой закрытый класс связанных морфем, выражающих разнообразные значения: соматические, локативные, явления природы, предметы, изготовленные человеком, наименования растений и ягод (фитонимы). Большая часть лексических суффиксов салишских языков представляют собой субстантивы. При этом данные суффиксы в большинстве случаев не соотносятся со свободными формами субстантивов ни синхронически, ни диахронически. Авторам представляется важной проблема происхождения и дальнейшего развития лексических суффиксов, которая в настоящее время не имеет однозначного решения. В статье на основании анализа синхронного и диахронного материала выдвигается альтернативная гипотеза возникновения лексических суффиксов посредством сжатия изначально зависимой предикативной конструкции до связанной морфологической формы по модели: зависимая предикация / номинализованный предикат → словосложение / инкорпорация → лексический суффикс (связанная форма). Следовательно, можно предполагать, что в основе синхронных салишских субстантивов диахронически лежат глагольные основы и, соответственно, семантика процессуальности. Таким образом, исследование происхождения и развития лексических суффиксов салишских языков помогает уточнить лингвистические представления о происхождении различных частей речи и о границе между ними, в частности о границе между субстантивами и глаголами.

Lexical suffixation is an essential feature of the Salish language family. Such suffixes form closed classes of morphemes that express various types of meaning, e.g., somatisms, locatives, natural phenomena, artefacts, phytonyms, etc. Most Salish lexical suffixes are of substantive nature. However, they hardly ever correspond with free forms of substantives, be it synchronically or diachronically. The authors reviewed a number of theories concerning the origin and development of the Salish lexical suffixes. Based on the synchronic and diachronic analysis, they put forward the following hypothesis of the origin of the Salish lexical suffixes. The suffixes stared as a dependent predicative construction, eventually compressed into a morphologically-coherent model according to the following evolution scheme: dependent predication / nominalized predicate → compounding / incorporation → lexical suffix (bound morpheme). Thus, the synchronous Salish substantives are diachronically based on verbal stems with their process semantics. The study adds to the linguistic understanding of the origin of various parts of speech and the borders between substantives and verbs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.