<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/sibscript-2023-25-3-307-314</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-5413</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Международные отношения и внешняя политика СССР и Российской Федерации</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>International Relations and Foreign Policy in the USSR and the Russian Federation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль США в заключении Четырехстороннего соглашения по Западному Берлину 1971 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The United States of America in the Four Power Agreement on Berlin (1971)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Юрий Павлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>Yuriy P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jasonic.popov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>307–314</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попов Ю.П., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попов Ю.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popov Y.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5413">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/5413</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуется роль США в процессе заключения Четырехстороннего соглашения по Западному Берлину 1971 г. Цель – проанализировать вклад правительства США в заключение данного соглашения. Участие США в переговорах можно разделить на два периода: период пассивности и период активного участия. Автор полагает, что такая динамика была связана с внутренними и внешними препятствиями, с которыми столкнулся Вашингтон. Установлено, что период пассивности характеризовался расколом внутри администрации Соединенных Штатов. Причиной внутреннего раскола в данный период являлись отношения с ФРГ. Проводимая ФРГ «новая восточная политика» усложняла дипломатические маневры США в вопросе о статусе Западного Берлина. Внешнеполитический курс ФРГ вызывал критику среди представителей Соединенных Штатов. Период активного участия США в переговорах по Западному Берлину связан с деятельностью Г. Киссинджера, благодаря активному участию которого США и ФРГ удалось сгладить противоречия между собой и найти компромисс с СССР, что позволило достигнуть решения западноберлинской проблемы. Заключение Четырехстороннего соглашения по Западному Берлину являлось важным шагом в наметившейся разрядке между двумя сверхдержавами. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes the role of the United States in the Quadripartite Agreement on the issue of West Berlin signed by France, the USA, the UK, and the USSR in 1971. American participation in the negotiations consisted of two stages: passive interaction and intense activity. The author believes that Washington faced internal and external obstacles that affected the dynamics of the US involvement in the negotiations. The Federal Republic of Germany pursued its own "new eastern policy", which complicated the diplomatic maneuvers of the United States on the status of West Berlin. However, it was President Kissinger who helped to smooth the contradiction between the USA, as well as to find a compromise with the USSR, thus solving the West Berlin problem. The Quadripartite Agreement on Berlin was an important step in the emerging détente between the two superpowers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>политика разрядки</kwd><kwd>новая восточная политика</kwd><kwd>Западный Берлин</kwd><kwd>германский вопрос</kwd><kwd>американо-германские отношения</kwd><kwd>американская политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>détente</kwd><kwd>new eastern policy</kwd><kwd>West Berlin</kwd><kwd>German question</kwd><kwd>USA – West Germany relations</kwd><kwd>American politics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрасимов П. А. Западный Берлин вчера и сегодня. М.: Междунар. отношения, 1980. 216 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrasimov P. A. West Berlin yesterday and today. Moscow: Mezhdunar. otnosheniia, 1980, 216. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горелова Л. А. Проблема Западного Берлина в политике правительства Г. Макмиллана (1958–1961 гг.). Международные отношения. 2019. № 4. С. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0641.2019.4.31266</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorelova L. A. Problem of the West Berlin in the policy of the Harold Macmillanʼs government (1958–1961). Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia, 2019, (4): 1–13. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0641.2019.4.31266</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Добрынин А. Ф. Сугубо доверительно: посол в Вашингтоне при шести президентах США (1962–1986 гг.). 2-е изд. М.: Междунар. отношения, 2008. 712 с. https://elibrary.ru/qpjycd</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dobrynin A. F. Purely confidential: Ambassador to Washington under six US Presidents (1962–1986). 2nd ed. Moscow: Mezhdunar. otnosheniia, 2008, 712. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/qpjycd</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Долгилевич Р. В. Советская дипломатия и договоренность о четырехсторонних переговорах по Западному Берлину (март 1969 – март 1970 года). Новая и новейшая история. 2017. № 3. С. 67–84. https://elibrary.ru/yrnowt</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolgilevich R. V. Soviet diplomacy and the arrangement on the Quadrilateral negotiations on West Berlin (March, 1969 – March, 1970). Novaya i Novejshaya Istoriya, 2017, (3): 67–84. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/yrnowt</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Долгилевич Р. В. Советская дипломатия на четырехсторонних переговорах по Западному Берлину, 26 марта 1970 г. – 3 сентября 1971 г. СПб.: Алетейя, 2021. 314 с. https://elibrary.ru/xiqjfy</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolgilevich R. V. Soviet diplomacy in the Quadripartite Talks on West Berlin: March 26, 1970 – September 3, 1971. St. Petersburg: Aleteiia, 2021, 314. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/xiqjfy</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Максимычев И. Ф. «Дырявая» блокада: Западный Берлин 1948–1949 гг. 1948 год в германской истории: конф. (Москва, 19–20 июня 2008 г.) М.: РОССПЭН, 2009. С. 143–160. https://elibrary.ru/smrinv</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maksimychev I. F. The "leaky" Blockade: West Berlin 1948–1949. 1948 in German history: Proc. Conf., Moscow, 19–20 Jun 2008. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2009, 143–160. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/smrinv</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пилько А. В. НАТО и Берлинский кризис 1958–1961 годов. Новая и новейшая история. 2012. № 1. С. 82–97. https://www.elibrary.ru/owlkar</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pilko A. V. The NATO and the Berlin crisis of 1958–1961. Novaya i Novejshaya Istoriya, 2012, (1): 82–97. (In Russ.) https://www.elibrary.ru/owlkar</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тренин Д. В. Политика США в отношении Западного Берлина (70-е – 80-е гг.): дис. ... канд. ист. наук. М., 1983. 210 с. https://www.elibrary.ru/npoyxp</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trenin D. V. US policy towards West Berlin (70s–80s). Cand. Hist. Sci. Diss. Moscow, 1983, 210. (In Russ.) https://www.elibrary.ru/npoyxp</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филитов А. М. Женевская конференция министров иностранных дел 1959 года по германскому вопросу: столкновение позиций, столкновение оценок. Многосторонняя дипломатия в биполярной системе международных отношений, отв. ред. Н. И. Егорова. М.: Русский фонд содействия образованию и науке, 2012. С. 243–263. https://elibrary.ru/rpxnul</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filitov A. M. Geneva Conference of Foreign Ministers of 1959 on the German Question: Clash of Positions, Clash of Estimates. Multilateral diplomacy in the bipolar system of international relations, ed. Egorova N. I. Moscow: Russian Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Science, 2012, 243–263. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/rpxnul</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филитов А. М. Московский договор СССР – ФРГ и «Письмо о германском единстве». От конфликта к компромиссу. Вестник МГИМО-Университета. 2019. Т. 12. № 6. С. 46–60. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-6-69-46-60</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filitov A. M. Treaty of Moscow between USSR and Federal Republic of Germany and the "Letter on German Unity": from conflict to compromise. Vestnik MGIMO-Universiteta, 2019, 12(6): 46–60. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-6-69-46-60</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bark D. L. Agreement on Berlin: A study of the 1970–72 Quadripartite negotiations (AEI-Hoover policy studies). Washington D. C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1974, 131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bark D. L. Agreement on Berlin: A study of the 1970–72 Quadripartite negotiations (AEI-Hoover policy studies). Washington D. C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1974, 131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brandt W. Berlin bleibt frei. Bd. 3. Politik in und für Berlin 1947–1966. Berlin: Dietz J. H., 2004, 702.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brandt W. Berlin bleibt frei. Bd. 3. Politik in und für Berlin 1947–1966. Berlin: Dietz J. H., 2004, 702.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Catudal H. M. The Berlin Agreement of 1971: Has it worked? The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 1976, (4): 766–800.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Catudal H. M. The Berlin Agreement of 1971: Has it worked? The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 1976, (4): 766–800.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dannenberg J. von. The foundations of Ostpolitik. The making of the Moscow Treaty between West Germany and the USSR. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008, 260.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dannenberg J. von. The foundations of Ostpolitik. The making of the Moscow Treaty between West Germany and the USSR. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008, 260.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geyer D. C. The missing link: Henry Kissinger and the back-channel negotiations on Berlin. Bulletin of the German Historical Institute: American détente and German Ostpolitik, 1969 to 1972, eds. Geyer D. C., Schaefer B. Washington DC: German Historical Institute, 2004, 80–98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geyer D. C. The missing link: Henry Kissinger and the back-channel negotiations on Berlin. Bulletin of the German Historical Institute: American détente and German Ostpolitik, 1969 to 1972, eds. Geyer D. C., Schaefer B. Washington DC: German Historical Institute, 2004, 80–98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gray W. G. Paradoxes of Ostpolitik: Revisiting the Moscow and Warsaw treaties, 1970. Central European History, 2016, 49(3-4): 409–440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S000893891600087X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gray W. G. Paradoxes of Ostpolitik: Revisiting the Moscow and Warsaw treaties, 1970. Central European History, 2016, 49(3-4): 409–440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S000893891600087X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanhimaki M. J. The flawed architect: Henry Kissinger and American foreign policy. NY: Oxford University Press, 2011, 554.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanhimaki M. J. The flawed architect: Henry Kissinger and American foreign policy. NY: Oxford University Press, 2011, 554.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harrison H. The Berlin Wall, Ostpolitik, and détente. Bulletin of the German Historical Institute: American détente and German Ostpolitik, 1969 to 1972, eds. Geyer D. C., Schaefer B. Washington DC: German Historical Institute, 2004, 5–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harrison H. The Berlin Wall, Ostpolitik, and détente. Bulletin of the German Historical Institute: American détente and German Ostpolitik, 1969 to 1972, eds. Geyer D. C., Schaefer B. Washington DC: German Historical Institute, 2004, 5–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hersh S. The price of power. Kissinger in the Nixon White House. NY: Summit Books, 1983, 706.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hersh S. The price of power. Kissinger in the Nixon White House. NY: Summit Books, 1983, 706.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoff J. A revisionist view of Nixon's foreign policy. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 1996, 26(1): 107–129.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoff J. A revisionist view of Nixon's foreign policy. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 1996, 26(1): 107–129.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juneau J.-F. The limits of linkage: The Nixon administration and Willy Brandt’s ‘Ostpolitik’, 1969–72. The International History Review, 2011, 33(2): 277–297.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juneau J.-F. The limits of linkage: The Nixon administration and Willy Brandt’s ‘Ostpolitik’, 1969–72. The International History Review, 2011, 33(2): 277–297.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kempe F. Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the most dangerous place on Earth. NY: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 2011, 579.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kempe F. Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the most dangerous place on Earth. NY: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 2011, 579.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kieninger S. A preponderance of stability: Henry Kissinger’s concern over the dynamics of Ostpolitik. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 2019, 17(1): 42–60. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42738-019-00003-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kieninger S. A preponderance of stability: Henry Kissinger’s concern over the dynamics of Ostpolitik. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 2019, 17(1): 42–60. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42738-019-00003-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moss R. A. Nixon’s back channel to Moscow: Confidential diplomacy and détente. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2017, 418.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moss R. A. Nixon’s back channel to Moscow: Confidential diplomacy and détente. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2017, 418.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oppenheimer P. H. A process analysis of the 1971 Quadripartite Agreement on Berlin. Negotiation Journal, 1990, 6(4): 353–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01000787</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oppenheimer P. H. A process analysis of the 1971 Quadripartite Agreement on Berlin. Negotiation Journal, 1990, 6(4): 353–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01000787</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rzepecka M. The rhetoric of presidential leadership in American foreign affairs: Richard Nixon the Cold War Negotiator. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, 2017, (47): 49–67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rzepecka M. The rhetoric of presidential leadership in American foreign affairs: Richard Nixon the Cold War Negotiator. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, 2017, (47): 49–67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
