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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-943-951</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-4828</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ РОССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian history</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>С авансцены – в тень: Трагедии последних монархов России и Германии (дискуссионные вопросы историографии)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Into the Shadows: Tragedies of the Last Monarchs of Russia and Germany (Controversial Issues of Historiography)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-6422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турыгин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turygin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Кострома</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostroma</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aturigin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-9193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шигарева</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shigareva</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Кострома</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostroma</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Костромской государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kostroma State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>943</fpage><lpage>951</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Турыгин А.А., Шигарева А.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Турыгин А.А., Шигарева А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Turygin A.A., Shigareva A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4828">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4828</self-uri><abstract><p>Судьбы последних императоров России и Германии навсегда связаны Первой мировой войной и революцией. Исторические обстоятельства отречения известны, однако мотивы до сих пор являются предметом оживленных исторических дискуссий. В статье анализируются точки зрения историков о роли и личных качествах монархов – Николая II и Вильгельма II – в революционных событиях обеих стран. Рассматриваются дискуссии в современной историографии, которые посвящены монархии и революции, вызванной в обеих странах последствиями Первой мировой войны. Актуализируется вопрос об участии общественных, сословных и политических групп в революционной трагедии монархии, действия по спасению императоров, организованные монархистами как внутри самих стран, так и за их пределами. Отмечены общий контекст политических судеб царя Николая II и кайзера Вильгельма II (родственные узы, бурное экономическое развитие стран, принятие решения об участии в войне), сходство мотивов, обстоятельств и общественно-политических последствий отречения монархов, которое резко контрастируют с их дальнейшими судьбами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The fates of the last Emperors of Russia and Germany are forever linked by the First World War and the revolutions. History knows the circumstances of their abdication; however, their motives still remain a matter of debate. The present research featured a comparative analysis of various points of view on the roles Nicholas II and Wilhelm II played in the revolutions and the political decisions they made. The biographical research clarified the general characteristics of the revolutionary processes that occurred during their reign and how both revolutions affected the institution of monarchy. The authors analyzed the contemporary historiographical discussions of the monarchy and the revolutions caused in both countries by the consequences of the First World War. The article also focuses on the role of social, class, and political groups in both revolutions, as well as on the attempts of monarchists to save the emperors. Tsar Nicholas II and Kaiser Wilhelm II lived in a very similar political context: complicated family ties, rapid economic development, the Great War, etc. Their abdications occurred in similar circumstances and had similar motives and socio-political consequences. However, their further destinies were very different.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>император</kwd><kwd>кайзер</kwd><kwd>революция</kwd><kwd>модернизация</kwd><kwd>отречение</kwd><kwd>Первая мировая война</kwd><kwd>Российская империя</kwd><kwd>Германская империя</kwd><kwd>переворот</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Emperor Nicholas II</kwd><kwd>Kaiser Wilhelm II</kwd><kwd>revolution</kwd><kwd>modernization</kwd><kwd>abdication</kwd><kwd>World War I</kwd><kwd>Russian Empire</kwd><kwd>German Empire</kwd><kwd>coup d’état</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Röhl J. C. G. Wilhelm II. Der Weg in den Abgrund 1900–1941. 3. Auflage. München: C. H. Beck, 2017. 1611 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Röhl J. C. G. Wilhelm II. Der Weg in den Abgrund 1900–1941. 3. Auflage. München: C. H. 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