kemsuСибСкриптSibScript2949-21222949-2092Kemerovo State University10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-889-898kemsu-4822Research ArticleИСТОРИЯ РОССИИRussian historyИстория Дальнего Востока России позднеимперского периода в освещении англо- и немецкоязычных исследователейThe History of the Russian Far East during the Late Imperial Period in the Works of English- and German-language Researchershttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-8454АнаньевД. А.Anan'evD. A.

г. Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

denis.ananyev@gmail.comИнститут истории СО РАНРоссияInstitute of History, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202004012021224889898Copyright © Ананьев Д.А., 20212021Ананьев Д.А.Anan'ev D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4822

В истории российского Дальнего Востока особое место занимает период, охватывающий вторую половину XIX – начало XX в. и отмеченный ускоренным развитием «восточной окраины» империи. Данная тема привлекала повышенный интерес западных исследователей, прежде всего, в Великобритании, США и Германии. Цель статьи – представить обзор работ англо- и немецкоязычных исследователей, опубликованных во второй половине XIX – начале XXI в. и посвященных истории Дальнего Востока России позднеимперского периода; выявить основные тенденции в изучении темы на Западе. Установлено, что со времени публикации первых работ, посвященных присоединению к России Приамурья и Приморья, в центре внимания англо- и немецкоязычных авторов находились не только внешнеполитические и военные аспекты «русской восточной экспансии», но и географические, демографические, социально-экономические факторы, определившие ход и итоги освоения Дальнего Востока. В последней трети XX в. западные специалисты также сосредоточились на изучении социокультурной проблематики, идеологических аспектов дальневосточной политики, специфики процессов межкультурного и межэтнического взаимодействия, меняющихся представлений о Дальневосточном регионе – как в России, так и за ее пределами. При всем разнообразии концепций, предложенных англо- и немецкоязычными исследователями, можно выделить две основные тенденции в освещении темы. Для большинства работ характерен акцент на геополитическом контексте, экспансионистских устремлениях России как одной из империалистических держав, участвовавших в разделе сфер влияния в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе. Вместе с тем во многих исследованиях подчеркивается объективная потребность России в упрочении своих позиций на тихоокеанских рубежах, защите дальневосточных территорий, их заселении и хозяйственном освоении.

The Russian Far East saw rapid development in the latter half of XIX – early XX centuries. The Eastern periphery of the Russian Empire attracted attention of foreign scientists. The objective of the present research was to analyze works published by American, British, and German researchers in the second half of XIX – early XXI centuries and devoted to the "late Imperial" history of the Russian Far East. Since the very first foreign publications on the history of accession of the Amur and Primorye regions, foreign studies focused not only on Russia’s foreign policy and military aspects of its eastward expansion but also on the geographical, demographic, social, and economic factors of the colonization. In the late XX century, Western publications featured mostly intercultural, inter-ethnic, and sociocultural problems, as well as ideological aspects of state policy and the changing image of the Russian Far East. English- and German-language scholars offered a great variety of concepts; however, two main trends stood out quite clearly. Most researchers emphasized the impact of the geopolitical context and the role of Russia’s expansionist policy, as the country fought for power in the Pacific Rim. However, some authors acknowledged Russia's objective necessity to strengthen its position on the Pacific coast, protect its Far Eastern territories, and develop their economy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.