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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-3-701-713</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-4769</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ РОССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian history</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Религиозно-политические реформы государя Мимаки. Часть 1: Культ горы Мива и смена верховной жрицы-правительницы правителем – верховным жрецом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Religious-political Reforms of Emperor Mimaki. Part 1: The Cult of Mount Miwa and the Change of the Supreme Priestess and Ruler with a Male Supreme Ruler and Priest</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5676-0859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суровень</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surowen</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Yamato.ur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный юридический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Law University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>701</fpage><lpage>713</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суровень Д.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суровень Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Surowen D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4769">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4769</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализируются сведения японских источников о начале религиозно-политических преобразований периода раннего Ямато, произошедших в царствование государя Мимаки (известного под посмертным почетным именем Сȳдзин, 324–331 гг. пр. [испр. хрон.]), в сравнении с результатами археологических исследований, дающих материалы для анализа процесса развития солярных культов при дворе династии Мива, связанных со становлением культа солнечного божества – покровителя правящей династии. Данные реформы были начаты после периода распада и бедствий, известного как «период восьми правителей», и воссоединения государства Ямато под властью государя Мимаки. Археологические материалы показывают, что различные солярные культы существовали уже на рубеже III–IV вв. Осуществление функций управления требовало для руководства сельскохозяйственными работами также знаний солнечного годичного цикла (в это время в Японии появляются признаки использования китайского календаря), для чего требовалось осуществление астрономических наблюдений. Род государя Дзимму считал своим главным богом солнечное божество Таками-мусуби, которому служила жрица-шаманка. Кроме того, существовали различные формы солярного культа у местных политических лидеров области Ямато, связанных со священной горой Мива. Около этой священной горы расположены и шесть древнейших курганов начального периода Ямато – самого государя Сȳдзина и его сородичей. Царствование Мимаки ознаменовалось тем, что вместо прежних верховных жриц-правительниц III в. в начале IV в. в Ямато к власти пришли государи-мужчины в ситуации, когда сам правитель брал на себя жреческие функции и начинал отправлять культ божества – покровителя своего государства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The present research featured a comparative analysis of 1) Japanese sources dating the early Yamato period about the religious and political transformations that happened under Emperor Mimaki, also known under the posthumous honourable name of Sūjin (324–331 CE) and 2) archaeological data on the solar cult of the Miwa dynasty. The reforms followed the period of disintegration and disasters known as "the period of eight rulers" and the reunion of the Yamato state under Emperor Mimaki. Archaeological evidence shows that various solar cults existed as early as the turn of the III–IV centuries. The ruler was supposed to manage agricultural works, which required knowledge of the solar year cycle and astronomical observations. In that period, Japan probably relied on Chinese calendar system. Emperor Jimmu’s clan saw solar deity Takami-musubi as their patron, with a shamanic priestess as the head of the cult. In addition, the local political leaders of the Yamato region also exercised various forms of solar cults associated with the sacred Mount Miwa, which is surrounded with six ancient mounds dated the early Yamato period and belonging to Emperor Sūjin and his relatives. The supreme priestesses of Yamato were replaced by male rulers during the reign of Mimaki in the late III – early IV centuries. The ruler assumed the priory functions and conducted religious rites celebrating the divine patron of his state.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>древняя Япония</kwd><kwd>Ямато</kwd><kwd>солярные культы</kwd><kwd>гора Мива</kwd><kwd>верховные жрицы-правительницы</kwd><kwd>Бимиху</kwd><kwd>Июй</kwd><kwd>верховный жрец-правитель</kwd><kwd>Ō-моно-нуси</kwd><kwd>O-куни-дама</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ancient Japan</kwd><kwd>Yamato</kwd><kwd>solar cults</kwd><kwd>Mount Miwa</kwd><kwd>supreme priestess-rulers</kwd><kwd>Bimihu</kwd><kwd>Yiyü</kwd><kwd>supreme priest-ruler</kwd><kwd>Ō-mono-nushi</kwd><kwd>Ō-kuni-dama</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egler D. G. The Cambridge history of Japan. Vol. I.: Ancient Japan. Cambridge-N. Y.: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 602 p. 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