<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-4-907-914</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-4504</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ РОССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian history</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные источники «мягкой силы» КНР в Латинской Америке на современном этапе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Main Sources of Chinese "Soft Power" in Latin America in the Modern Era</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбарт</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbart</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>660041, г. Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79;</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>79, Svobodny Ave., Krasnoyarsk, 660041;</p><p>36, Lenin Ave., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maxharbart@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский федеральный университет;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Federal University;&#13;
Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>907</fpage><lpage>914</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гарбарт М.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гарбарт М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Garbart M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4504">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/4504</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются главные факторы формирования китайской «мягкой силы» в Латинской Америке. Установлено, что «мягкая сила» занимает важное место во внешнеполитической стратегии Китая как на общегосударственном уровне, так и в рамках развития отношений с латиноамериканским регионом. Описаны основные особенности развития отношений между Китаем и государствами Латинской Америки на современном этапе. Изучены основные источники формирования положительного образа КНР в регионе. Осуществлен анализ ресурсов, которыми обладает китайская «мягкая сила» в Латинской Америке. Доказано, что за последние годы общее состояние «мягкой силы» Китая в государствах региона значительно укрепилось. Вместе с тем отмечено, что китайская «мягкая сила» в Латинской Америке все еще серьезно уступает американской. Сделан вывод, что в современных условиях Китай будет стремиться активнее использовать новые способы реализации своих национальных интересов, в том числе и «мягкую силу». Методологическую основу статьи составил системный подход, предполагающий рассмотрение «мягкой силы» как составляющего элемента всего комплекса внешней политики КНР. Теоретическая и практическая значимость проведенного исследования состоит в создании базы для дальнейших исследований по данной проблематике, результаты исследования могут быть использованы при анализе и прогнозировании развития внешнеполитической стратегии КНР, рассмотрении комплекса отношений Китая со странами Латинской Америки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article covers the fundamentals of Chinese "soft power" in Latin America. "Soft power" now takes an important place in Chinese foreign strategy, both the international level and in Latin America. The author describes the main features of international relations between China and Latin-American countries. The paper focuses on the main sources of formation of positive image of China in the region. The study revealed that Chinese "soft power" has significantly strengthened in the region in recent years. At the same time, the author notes that it is still much weaker than that of the USA. In modern conditions, Chinese government is likely to seek more active application of new forms of international cooperation, promotion of "soft power" being one of them. The methodology of the research was based on the systematic approach, which means considering Chinese "soft power" as a part of the whole foreign policy of China. Theoretical and practical relevance of the study consists in that fact that it creates a basis for further research on this issue. The results can be used to forecast the development of Chinese foreign policy strategy, as well as to study the complex of relations between China and Latin American states.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внешняя политика Китая</kwd><kwd>мирное возвышение Китая</kwd><kwd>китайско-латиноамериканские отношения</kwd><kwd>международные отношения</kwd><kwd>несиловое влияние</kwd><kwd>инструменты международного взаимодействия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chinese foreign policy</kwd><kwd>peaceful rise of China</kwd><kwd>China-Latin-America cooperation</kwd><kwd>international cooperation</kwd><kwd>non-coercive power</kwd><kwd>tools of international cooperation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nye J. S. Soft power // Foreign policy. 1990. № 80. P. 153–171.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nye J. S. Soft power. Foreign policy, 1990, (80): 153–171.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferchen M. China’s Latin American Interests // Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy. 06.04.2012. Режим доступа: https://carnegietsinghua.org/2012/04/06/china-s-latin-american-interests-pub-47759 (дата обращения: 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferchen M. China’s Latin American Interests. 06.04.2012. Available at: https://carnegietsinghua.org/2012/04/06/chinas-latin-american-interests-pub-47759 (accessed 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Díaz E. M., Florido E. R., Oliva M. V. R. Relaciones China – Amèrica Latina y Caribe. Estado actual y perspectivas // Revista Cubana de Economía Internacional. 2016. № 2. P. 75–95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Díaz E. M., Florido E. R., Oliva M. V. R. Relaciones China – Amèrica Latina y Caribe. Estado actual y perspectivas. Revista Cubana de Economía Internacional, 2016, (2): 75–95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ospina J. D. E. The coverage of China in the Latin American Press: Media framing study // Cogent Arts &amp; Humanities. 2017. Vol. 4. № 1. DOI: 10.1080 / 23311983.2017.1287319</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ospina J. D. E. The coverage of China in the Latin American Press: Media framing study. Cogent Arts &amp; Humanities, 2017, 4(1). DOI: 10.1080/23311983.2017.1287319</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barr M. Who's afraid of China? The challenge of Chinese soft power. London; N. Y.: Zed Books Ltd., 2012. 160 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.2856</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barr M. Who's afraid of China? The challenge of Chinese soft power. London; N. Y.: Zed Books Ltd., 2012, 160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.2856</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Виноградов И. С. История развития внешней политики КНР // Общество: философия, история, культура. 2018. №. 6. С. 72–77. DOI: 10.24158/fik.2018.6.14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinogradov I. S. Background to the PRC’s foreign policy. Obshchestvo: Filosofiya, Istoriya, Kul’tura, 2018, (6): 72–77. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.24158/fik.2018.6.14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurlantzick J. Charm offensive: How China's soft power is transforming the world. Yale University Press, 2007. 320 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurlantzick J. Charm offensive: How China's soft power is transforming the world. Yale University Press, 2007, 320. 8. Liu Zaiqi. "Soft power" in China's development strategy. Polis. Political Studies, 2009, (4): 149–155. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лю Цзайци. «Мягкая сила» в стратегии развития Китая // Полис. Политические исследования. 2009. № 4. С. 149–155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lei Yu. China's strategic partnership with Latin America: a fulcrum in China's rise. International Affairs, 2015, 91(5): 1047–1068. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12397</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lei Yu. China's strategic partnership with Latin America: a fulcrum in China's rise // International Affairs. 2015. Т. 91. № 5. P. 1047–1068. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12397</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brand A., McEwen-Fial S., Muno W. An 'Authoritarian Nexus'? China's alleged special relationship with autocratic states in Latin America. European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, 2015, (99): 7–28. DOI: http://doi.org/10.18352/erlacs.9588</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brand A., McEwen-Fial S., Muno W. An 'Authoritarian Nexus'? China's alleged special relationship with autocratic states in Latin America // European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. 2015. № 99. P. 7–28. DOI: http://doi.org/10.18352/erlacs.9588</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodríguez Aranda I., Van de Maele D. L. El soft power en la política exterior de China: consecuencias para América Latina. Polis. Revista Latinoamericana, 2013, 12(35): 497–517. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-65682013000200022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodríguez Aranda I., Van de Maele D. L. El soft power en la política exterior de China: consecuencias para América Latina // Polis. Revista Latinoamericana. 2013. Vol. 12. № 35. P. 497–517. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-65682013000200022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarabarko K. A. "Soft power" of culture: evolution of the conception in the works of Chinese scientists. Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i iuridicheskie nauki, kulturologiia i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, 2016, (7-2): 181–184. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарабарко К. А. «Мягкая сила» культуры: эволюция концепции в трудах китайских ученых // Исторические, философские, политические и юридические науки, культурология и искусствоведение. Вопросы теории и практики. 2016. № 7-2. С. 181–184.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ran J. Z. Hongguo's Soft Power Construction in Latin America. Lading Meizhou yanjiu, 2014, 36(1): 35–39. (In Chin.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ran J. Zhongguo zai ladingmeizhou de ruanshili jianshe // Lading meizhou yanjiu. 2014. Vol. 36. № 1. 35–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ren Z. The Confucius institutes and China's soft power. IDE Discussion Paper, 2012, 330. Available at: https://ir.ide.go.jp/?action=pages_view_main&amp;active_action=repository_view_main_item_detail&amp;item_id=37844&amp;item_no=1&amp;page_ id=39&amp;block_id=158 (accessed 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren Z. The Confucius institutes and China's soft power // IDE Discussion Paper. 2012. Vol. 330. Режим доступа: https://ir.ide.go.jp/?action=pages_view_main&amp;active_action=repository_view_main_item_detail&amp;item_id=37844&amp;item_ no=1&amp;page_id=39&amp;block_id=158 (дата обращения: 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ellis E. R. Chinese soft power in Latin America: a case study. Joint Force Quarterly, 2011, (60): 85–91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ellis E. R. Chinese soft power in Latin America: a case study // Joint Force Quarterly. 2011. № 60. P. 85–91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cunhai G. La imagen de China en América Latina en el siglo XXI. Orientando Temas de Asia Oriental, Sociedad, Cultura y Economía, 2017, (14): 11–44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cunhai G. La imagen de China en América Latina en el siglo XXI // Orientando Temas de Asia Oriental, Sociedad, Cultura y Economía. 2017. № 14. P. 11–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cornejo R. China en América Latina: perspectivas sobre las relaciones culturales. 2015. Available at: politica-china.org (accessed 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cornejo R. China en América Latina: perspectivas sobre las relaciones culturales // Observatorio de la Política China. 2015. Режим доступа: politica-china.org (дата обращения: 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nye J. S. The Future of Power. N. Y.: Public Affairs, 2011, 320. 19. Yakovlev P. P. USA and China in Latin America: contours of competition. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 2019, 19(1): 47–58. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.22363/2313-0660-2019-19-1-47-58</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nye J. S. The Future of Power. N. Y.: Public Affairs, 2011. 320 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eichenauer V. Z., Fuchs A., Brueckner L. The effects of trade, aid, and investment on China's image in developing countries. University of Heidelberg Department of Economics Discussion Paper Series, 2018, (646). Available at: https://d-nb. info/1192450183/34 (accessed 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яковлев П. П. США и КНР в Латинской Америке: контуры конкуренции // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения. 2019. Т. 19. № 1. С. 47–58. DOI: 10.22363/2313-0660-2019-19-1-47-58</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Armony A. C., Velásquez N. Anti-Chinese sentiment in Latin America: an analysis of online discourse. Journal of Chinese Political Science, 2015, 20(3): 319–346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11366-015-9365-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eichenauer V. Z., Fuchs A., Brueckner L. The effects of trade, aid, and investment on China's image in developing countries // University of Heidelberg Department of Economics Discussion Paper Series. 2018. № 646. Режим доступа: https://d-nb.info/1192450183/34 (дата обращения: 30.09.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cypher J. M., Wilson T. D., Jenkins R. Is Chinese competition causing deindustrialization in Brazil? Latin American Perspectives, 2015, 42(6): 42–63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X15593553</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Armony A. C., Velásquez N. Anti-Chinese sentiment in Latin America: an analysis of online discourse // Journal of Chinese Political Science. 2015. Vol. 20. № 3. P. 319–346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11366-015-9365-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ray R., Gallagher K., López A., Sanborn C. China and sustainable development in Latin America: the social and environmental dimension. Anthem Press, 2017, 382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cypher J. M., Wilson T. D., Jenkins R. Is Chinese competition causing deindustrialization in Brazil? // Latin American Perspectives. 2015. Vol. 42. № 6. P. 42–63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X15593553</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan Y. Soft power: Power of attraction or confusion? Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 2008, 4(2): 147–158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ray R., Gallagher K., López A., Sanborn C. China and sustainable development in Latin America: the social and environmental dimension. Anthem Press, 2017. 382 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ray R., Gallagher K., López A., Sanborn C. China and sustainable development in Latin America: the social and environmental dimension. Anthem Press, 2017. 382 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fan Y. Soft power: Power of attraction or confusion? // Place Branding and Public Diplomacy. 2008. Vol. 4. № 2. P. 147–158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan Y. Soft power: Power of attraction or confusion? // Place Branding and Public Diplomacy. 2008. Vol. 4. № 2. P. 147–158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
