<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kemsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">СибСкрипт</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SibScript</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-2122</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kemerovo State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-3-850-859</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kemsu-2782</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Языкознание</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Linguistics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>That и this в сопоставлении с тот и этот</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"That" and "This" vs "Tot" and "Etot"</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теренин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terenin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>423600, г. Елабуга, ул. Казанская, 89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>89, Kazanskaya St., Elabuga, 423600</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Tteerenin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Елабужский институт Казанского (Приволжского) федерального университета<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Elabuga Institute of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>850</fpage><lpage>859</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Теренин А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Теренин А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Terenin A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/2782">https://www.sibscript.ru/jour/article/view/2782</self-uri><abstract><p>Аннотируемая статья обобщает наблюдения автора в области использования английских указательных местоимений this и that. Концентрируется внимание на противоречии между употреблением, предписываемым языковой системой, и узусом, принятым языковым коллективом. Речь идет о способности местоимения that выступать в функциях своего противочлена по оппозициям this – that и it – this / that. В качестве методологической основы избрана теория оппозиционной редукции, основы которой излагаются вслед за кратким обзором литературы, посвященной изучению природы указательных местоимений. Далее следует описание процедуры исследования, которое включало в себя статистическую, экспериментальную и аналитическую составляющие. В инструментарий входили также и элементы сопоставительного анализа английских и русских указательных местоимений, что в конечном итоге было необходимо для реализации дидактической задачи. Рассуждения автора сопровождаются текстовыми иллюстрациями, из которых следует, что основным условием, способствующим редукции оппозиции по сопредельности, является анафорическая референция, которая чаще всего сопровождается ударной позицией местоимения. В заключение отмечается стремление местоимения that закрепить за собой статус универсального указательного местоимения, склонного подменять собою как местоимение this, так и местоимение it. Это обстоятельство составляет одну из специфических особенностей английских указательных местоимений по отношению к русским, что, в свою очередь, создает дополнительные проблемы для студентов, изучающих английский язык.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The abstracted article summarizes the author's observations concerning the use of the English demonstrative pronouns this and that. The author focuses on the contradiction between what is prescribed by the language system, and what is accepted by the language community. The contradiction mentioned reveals itself in the tendency of the pronoun that to accept the functions of its counterparts by the oppositions of this – that and it – this / that. The speculations of the author are grounded by the theory of oppositional reduction, the fundamentals of which are shortly described after a brief review of literature devoted to the study of demonstrative pronouns. Next, the author passes to the description of the research procedure, which includes statistical, experimental and analytical components. The author's tools also involve elements of comparative analysis of English and Russian demonstrative pronouns, which was ultimately necessary for the implementation of the didactic task. The author's reasoning is accompanied by text illustrations, from which it follows that the main condition contributing to the reduction of the opposition by proximity is anaphoric reference, which is most often accompanied by the stressed position of the pronoun. In conclusion, the author notes the tendency of the pronoun that to secure the status of a universal demonstrative, capable of representing both this and it. This circumstance constitutes one of the specific features of the English demonstrative pronouns in relation to Russian ones, which, in turn, creates additional problems for Russian learners of English.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>указательные местоимения</kwd><kwd>референция</kwd><kwd>оппозиционная редукция</kwd><kwd>нейтрализация</kwd><kwd>транспозиция</kwd><kwd>анафорическое употребление</kwd><kwd>антецедент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>demonstrative pronouns</kwd><kwd>reference</kwd><kwd>oppositional reduction</kwd><kwd>neutralization</kwd><kwd>transposition</kwd><kwd>anaphoric reference</kwd><kwd>antecedent</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фоменко Л. Н. Указательное местоимение английского языка как одно из средств языкового дейксиса // Вестник ИМСИТ. 2014. № 3-4. С. 69–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomenko L. N. English demonstrative pronouns as one of the linguistic deictic resources. Vestnik IMSIT, 2014, (3-4): 69–71. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Самохвалова Е. В. Указательное местоимение this как средство идентифицирующей референции // Вестник СевероОсетинского государственного университета им. К. Л. Хетагурова. Общественные науки. 2012. № 2. С. 351–356.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samokhvalova E. V. The demonstrative pronoun this as a means of identifying reference. Vestnik Severo-Osetinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. K. L. Khetagurova. Obshchestvennye nauki, 2012, (2): 351–356. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Падучева Е. В. Указательные местоимения // Русская корпусная грамматика. 2016. Режим доступа: http://rusgram.ru/ Указательные_местоимения#221 (дата обращения: 12.01.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paducheva E. V. Demonstrative pronouns. Russian corpus grammar. 2016. Available at: http://rusgram.ru/Ukazatel’nye_mestoimeniia#221 (accessed 12.01.2019). (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Падучева Е. В., Стойнова Н. М. Указательные местоимения тот и этот в составе временных показателей // Известия РАН. Серия литературы и языка. 2017. Т. 76. № 4. С. 5–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paducheva E. V., Stoynova N. M. Demonstrative pronouns ‘tot’ (that) and ‘etot’ (this) as components of tense markers. Izvestiia RAN. Seriia literatury i iazyka, 2017, 76(4): 5–17. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алламуродова С. Д. Цепная межфразовая связь с указательными местоимениями в современном русском языке // Вестник института языков. 2013. Т. 4. № 4. С. 11–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allamurodova S. D. The connection between the words by means of demonstrative pronouns. Vestnik instituta iazykov, 2013, 4(4): 11–17. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Раздина Т. И. Функционирование указательных местоимений как средств связи в текстах устной и письменной коммуникации в английском языке // Вестник Московского государственного лингвистического университета. 2011. № 633. С. 158–168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razdina T. I. Functioning of the demonstrative pronouns as means of cohesion in texts of oral and written communication in the English language. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo lingvisticheskogo universiteta, 2011, (633): 158–168. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликов Л. И. О взаимозаменяемости анафорических местоимений ЭТОТ и ТАКОЙ // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 9. Филология. 1985. № 1. С. 72–74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulikov L. I. Replaceability of anaphoric pronouns ETOT and TAKOI. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriia 9. Filologiia, 1985, (1): 72–74. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федорова М. А. Местоимения и неодназначность референциальной отсылки // Научные труды КубГТУ. 2016. № 1. C. 10–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedorova M. A. Pronouns and the ambiguity of pronoun reference. Nauchnye trudy KubGTU, 2016, (1): 10–17. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gundel J. K., Hedberg N., Zacharski R. Demonstrative Pronouns in Natural Discourse // Proceedings of the Fifth Discourse Anaphora and Anaphora Resolution Colloquium. 2004. P. 81–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gundel J. K., Hedberg N., Zacharski R. Demonstrative Pronouns in Natural Discourse. Proceedings of the Fifth Discourse Anaphora and Anaphora Resolution Colloquium, 2004, 81–86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahimova D. I., Yusupova Z. F. Semantics and pragmatics of demonstrative pronouns in Russian and Turkic languages // Journal of language and literature. 2015. № 6-2. P. 113–116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7813/jll.2015/6-2/22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahimova D. I., Yusupova Z. F. Semantics and pragmatics of demonstrative pronouns in Russian and Turkic languages. Journal of language and literature, 2015, (6-2): 113–116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7813/jll.2015/6-2/22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rustipa K. The Use of Demonstrative Pronoun and Demonstrative Determiner this in Upper-Level Student Writing: A Case Study // English Language Teaching. 2015. № 8-5. P. 158–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n5p158</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rustipa K. The Use of Demonstrative Pronoun and Demonstrative Determiner this in Upper-Level Student Writing: A Case Study. English Language Teaching, 2015, (8-5): 158–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n5p158</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaysi E., Salehnejad L. Spatial and Temporal Deixis in English and Persian // International journal of humanities and cultural studies. 2016. № 6-2. P. 1405–1414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaysi E., Salehnejad L. Spatial and Temporal Deixis in English and Persian. International journal of humanities and cultural studies, 2016, (6-2): 1405–1414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabadi R. Demonstrative Pronouns in English and Arabic: Are they Different or Similar? // English Language and Literature Studies. 2016. № 6-1. Р. 16–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ells.v6n1p16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabadi R. Demonstrative Pronouns in English and Arabic: Are they Different or Similar? English Language and Literature Studies, 2016, (6-1): 16–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ells.v6n1p16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coventry K., Griffiths D., Hamilton C. Spatial demonstratives and perceptual space: Describing and remembering object location // Cognitive Psychology. 2014. № 69. P. 46–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2013.12.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coventry K., Griffiths D., Hamilton C. Spatial demonstratives and perceptual space: Describing and remembering object location. Cognitive Psychology, 2014, (69): 46–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2013.12.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тымчук Е. В., Федорова М. А. Факторы, влияющие на выбор указательных местоимений в современном английском языке // Научные труды КубГТУ. 2015. № 3. С. 97–109.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tymchuk E. V., Fedorova M. A. Factors influencing the referential choice of demonstrative pronouns in the English language. Nauchnye trudy KubGTU, 2015, (3): 97–109. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biber D., Johansson S., Leech G., Conrad S., Finegan E. Longman grammar of spoken and written English. Edinbourgh Gate: Pearson Education Limited, 2000. 1204 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biber D., Johansson S., Leech G., Conrad S., Finegan E. Longman grammar of spoken and written English. Edinbourgh Gate: Pearson Education Limited, 2000, 1204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diessel H. Demonstratives. Form, function, and grammaticalization. Amsterdam / Philadelphia: John Benjamins publishing company, 1999. 218 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/COG.2006.015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diessel H. Demonstratives. Form, function, and grammaticalization. Amsterdam / Philadelphia: John Benjamins publishing company, 1999, 218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/COG.2006.015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блох М. Я. Теоретические основы грамматики. М.: Высш. шк., 2002. 160 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blokh M. Ia. Theoretical outline of English grammar. Moscow: Vyssh. shk., 2002, 160. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трубецкой Н. С. Основы фонологии. М.: Аспект-Пресс, 2000. 352 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trubetskoi N. S. Fundamental of phonology. Moscow: Aspekt-Press, 2000, 352. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moskalskaja O. Grammatik der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. М.: Академия, 2004. 352 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moskalskaja O. Grammatik der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. Moscow: Akademiia, 2004, 352.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schendels E. Deutsche Grammatik. М.: Высш. шк., 1979. 397 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schendels E. Deutsche Grammatik. Moscow: Vyssh. shk., 1979, 397.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бондарко А. В. Вид и время русского глагола (значение и употребление). М.: Просвещение, 1971. 239 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bondarko A. V. Aspect and tense of the Russian verb (meaning and usage). Moscow: Prosveshchenie, 1971, 239. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хлебникова И. Б. Оппозиции в морфологии. М.: МОПИ им. Н. К. Крупской, 1969. 132 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khlebnikova I. B. Oppositions in morphology. Moscow: MOPI im. N. K. Krupskoi, 1969, 132. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петина С. С. Оппозиционное замещение в морфологии как объект изучения коммуникативно-парадигматической лингвистики // Известия Южного федерального университета. Филологические науки. 2014. № 1. С. 80–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petina S. S. The oppositional substitution in morphology as the research object in communicative paradigmatic linguistics. Izvestiia Iuzhnogo federal’nogo universiteta, 2014, (1): 80–86. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Морозова Е. Н. Оппозиционное замещение по категории времени (настоящее-будущее) // Вестник КГУ им. Н. А. Некрасова. 2008. Т. 14. № 1. С. 188–193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozova E. N. Oppositional substitution by the category of tense (present – future). Vestnik Kostromskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. N. A. Nekrasova, 2008, (1): 188–193. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Теренин А. В. Нейтрализация залоговых отношений в английском языке // Филологические науки. Вопросы теории и практики. 2018. № 7. Ч. 1. С. 177–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-7-1.39</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terenin A. V. Neutralization of voice relations in the English language. Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, 2018, (7-1): 177–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-7-1.39 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levinson S. C. Deixis and Demonstratives // Manual for the 1999 Field Season / ed. by D. Wilkins. Nijmegen: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 1999. P. 29–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.2103.7446</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levinson S. C. Deixis and Demonstratives. Manual for the 1999 Field Season, ed. D. Wilkins. Nijmegen. Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 1999, 29–40. DOI. https://doi.org/10.17617/2.2573810</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gudde H. B., Coventry K., Engelhardt P. E. Language and memory for object location // Cognition. 2016. № 153. P. 99–107. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.04.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gudde H. B., Coventry K., Engelhardt P. E. Language and memory for object location. Cognition, 2016, (153): 99–107. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.04.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скребнев Ю. М. Очерк теории стилистики. Горький, 1975. 175 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skrebnev Iu. M. Theoretical outline of stylistics. Gorkii, 1975, 175. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
